Rename: nlg → elp (Engram Language Protocol)
This commit is contained in:
Will Anderson
@@ -0,0 +1,639 @@
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// morphology-sux.el — Sumerian morphology for the NLG engine.
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//
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// Implements Sumerian noun declension, verb conjugation, and sentence
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// construction. Designed as a companion to morphology.el and called by
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// the engine when the language profile code is "sux".
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//
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// Language profile: code=sux, name=Sumerian, morph_type=agglutinative,
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// word_order=SOV, question_strategy=particle, script=latin_transliteration,
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// family=isolate (no known relatives).
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//
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// Typological overview:
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// Sumerian is the world's oldest attested written language, first recorded
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// in Uruk ca. 3500 BCE; active spoken use through ca. 2000 BCE; learned
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// scribal language to ca. 100 CE. It is a language isolate — unrelated to
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// any other known language family.
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//
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// ERGATIVITY: Sumerian is ergative-absolutive. The subject of a transitive
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// verb (the AGENT) takes the ergative case (-e). The subject of an
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// intransitive verb and the direct object of a transitive verb share the
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// same form: the ABSOLUTIVE (unmarked, no suffix). This is structurally
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// the opposite of nominative-accusative languages (like Latin or Greek)
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// where the subject of both transitive and intransitive verbs is marked the
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// same way. Example: lugal-e é mu-un-dù = "the king built the house",
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// where lugal-e = king-ERG (agent of transitive dù "build") and é = house-ABS
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// (patient, unmarked).
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//
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// NOUN CLASSES: animate (humans, gods) and inanimate (everything else).
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// Animate plurals use -ene; inanimate plurals use -a (collective).
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//
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// VERB CHAIN: Sumerian finite verbs are polysynthetic chains encoding:
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// (modal)(negation)(dimensional prefixes)(stem)(voice/causative)(suffixes)
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// The dimensional prefix chain includes pronominal agreement markers for
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// agent and patient. This module implements a simplified but linguistically
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// honest subset: perfective mu-/imperfective i- prefix + personal suffixes.
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//
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// KEY VERBS: Several high-frequency verbs have frozen citation forms.
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// The copula is often omitted in equational sentences; when present it is
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// usually the clitic -am₃ or the verb me "to be".
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//
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// TRANSLITERATION: Standard Assyriological transliteration uses subscript
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// numbers for sign disambiguation (dug₄, tum₂, am₃) written here with the
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// corresponding Unicode characters (dug4, tum2, am3 using ASCII where the
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// subscript forms are unavailable in string literals, or as ₄ etc. where
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// needed). Special characters: š (sh), ŋ (velar nasal), ĝ (= ŋ alternate),
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// ḫ (voiceless velar/uvular fricative).
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//
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// Cases implemented:
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// absolutive (∅), ergative (-e), genitive (-ak), dative (-ra),
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// locative (-a), ablative (-ta), comitative (-da), equative (-gin)
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//
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// Depends on: morphology.el (str_ends_with, str_len, str_slice, str_eq,
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// native_list_empty, native_list_append, native_list_get, native_list_len)
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// ── String helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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fn sux_str_ends(s: String, suf: String) -> Bool {
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return str_ends_with(s, suf)
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}
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fn sux_str_drop_last(s: String, n: Int) -> String {
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let len: Int = str_len(s)
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if n >= len {
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return ""
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}
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return str_slice(s, 0, len - n)
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}
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fn sux_str_last_char(s: String) -> String {
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let n: Int = str_len(s)
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if n == 0 {
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return ""
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}
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return str_slice(s, n - 1, n)
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}
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fn sux_str_last2(s: String) -> String {
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let n: Int = str_len(s)
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if n < 2 {
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return s
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}
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return str_slice(s, n - 2, n)
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}
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// ── Person/number slot ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// Maps person × number to a 0-based index used in paradigm tables.
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// 0 = 1st singular (ĝe₂₆ / ĝa₂ "I")
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// 1 = 2nd singular (za-e "you")
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// 2 = 3rd singular (animate: a-ne "he/she"; inanimate implied)
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// 3 = 1st plural (me "we")
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// 4 = 2nd plural (me-zen "you (pl)")
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// 5 = 3rd plural (animate: a-ne-ne "they")
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//
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// Dual is not grammaticalised distinctly from plural in Sumerian verbal
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// morphology; dual inputs fall through to plural.
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fn sux_slot(person: String, number: String) -> Int {
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if str_eq(person, "first") {
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return 0 }
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return 3
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}
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if str_eq(person, "second") {
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return 1 }
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return 4
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}
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// third person
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return 2 }
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return 5
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}
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// ── Ergative personal suffixes ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// These encode the AGENT of a transitive verb when it appears as a standalone
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// noun suffix (postposition on the nominal element in the ergative chain).
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// In practice the -e ergative postposition on nouns is more common; these
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// pronominal suffixes appear in the verbal chain. Provided here for the
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// pronominal agent agreement slot.
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//
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// Ergative suffixes on nominal phrases (the postposition form, not verbal):
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// 1sg: -(e)n 2sg: -(e)n 3sg animate: -e
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// 1pl: -enden 2pl: -enzen 3pl animate: -eš
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fn sux_ergative_suffix(person: String, number: String) -> String {
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if str_eq(person, "first") {
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return "-en" }
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return "-enden"
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}
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if str_eq(person, "second") {
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return "-en" }
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return "-enzen"
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}
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// third
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return "-e" }
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return "-eš"
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}
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// ── Absolutive personal suffixes ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// The absolutive is the UNMARKED case in Sumerian ergative grammar. It is
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// used for:
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// (a) the single argument of an intransitive verb (= subject)
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// (b) the direct object of a transitive verb (= patient)
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//
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// There is no overt suffix on the noun in the absolutive. However, the VERB
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// agrees with the absolutive argument via a suffix in the verbal chain.
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// These are the verbal agreement suffixes for the absolutive participant:
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// 1sg: -en 2sg: -en 3sg: ∅ (null) 1pl: -enden 2pl: -enzen 3pl: ∅
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fn sux_absolutive_suffix(person: String, number: String) -> String {
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if str_eq(person, "first") {
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return "-en" }
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return "-enden"
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}
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if str_eq(person, "second") {
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if str_eq(number, "singular") { return "-en" }
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return "-enzen"
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}
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// third person: null agreement suffix for 3sg and 3pl
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return ""
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}
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// ── Canonical verb mapping ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// The semantic layer may pass English canonical labels. Map these to the
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// Sumerian citation stem (the base form as used in transliteration).
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fn sux_map_canonical(verb: String) -> String {
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if str_eq(verb, "be") { return "me" }
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if str_eq(verb, "say") { return "dug4" }
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if str_eq(verb, "go") { return "du" }
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if str_eq(verb, "see") { return "igi-bar" }
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if str_eq(verb, "do") { return "ak" }
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if str_eq(verb, "make") { return "ak" }
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if str_eq(verb, "bring") { return "tum2" }
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if str_eq(verb, "build") { return "dù" }
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if str_eq(verb, "give") { return "šum2" }
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if str_eq(verb, "know") { return "zu" }
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if str_eq(verb, "hear") { return "ĝeštug2 ĝar" }
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if str_eq(verb, "love") { return "ki-aĝ2" }
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if str_eq(verb, "sit") { return "tuš" }
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if str_eq(verb, "stand") { return "gub" }
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if str_eq(verb, "come") { return "ĝen" }
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if str_eq(verb, "eat") { return "gu7" }
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if str_eq(verb, "drink") { return "naĝ" }
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if str_eq(verb, "write") { return "sar" }
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return verb
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}
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// ── Verbal personal suffixes (simplified finite chain) ────────────────────────
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//
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// In the simplified model the personal suffix encodes the absolutive argument
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// (the subject of intransitive verbs, or the patient of transitive verbs).
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// Full Sumerian verbal morphology is polysynthetic and beyond NLG scope; this
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// models the most productive layer: stem + absolutive agreement.
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//
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// Suffix paradigm:
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// slot 0 (1sg): -en slot 3 (1pl): -enden
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// slot 1 (2sg): -en slot 4 (2pl): -enzen
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// slot 2 (3sg): ∅ slot 5 (3pl): -eš
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fn sux_personal_suffix(slot: Int) -> String {
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if slot == 0 { return "en" }
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if slot == 1 { return "en" }
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if slot == 2 { return "" }
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if slot == 3 { return "enden" }
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if slot == 4 { return "enzen" }
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return "eš"
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}
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// ── Special: me (to be) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// The Sumerian copula "me" (to be) has several uses:
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// - As a full verb with personal endings in present: me-en (I am), me-en
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// (you are), ∅ / -am3 (he/she/it is — copula often omitted or realised as
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// the clitic -am3 attached to the predicate), me-en-dè (we are)
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// - As a predicative clitic: noun/adj + -am3
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// - In past: ha-ma-an-me (he/she was — rare in NLG contexts)
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//
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// For NLG purposes:
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// present: use me + personal suffix; 3sg = omit entirely or "-am3" clitic
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// past: ba-me + personal suffix (archaic; approximate)
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fn sux_me_present(slot: Int) -> String {
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if slot == 0 { return "me-en" }
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if slot == 1 { return "me-en" }
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if slot == 2 { return "" }
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if slot == 3 { return "me-en-dè" }
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if slot == 4 { return "me-en-zè-en" }
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return "me-eš"
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}
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fn sux_me_past(slot: Int) -> String {
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if slot == 0 { return "ba-me-en" }
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if slot == 1 { return "ba-me-en" }
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if slot == 2 { return "ba-me" }
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if slot == 3 { return "ba-me-en-dè" }
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if slot == 4 { return "ba-me-en-zè-en" }
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return "ba-me-eš"
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}
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// ── Special: dug4/e (to say) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// "dug4" is the perfective stem; "e" is the imperfective/present stem.
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// Common finite forms:
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// present (imperfective): e + personal suffix; 3sg = e
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// past (perfective): mu-un-dug4 (3sg agent; simplified)
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fn sux_dug4_present(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "e" }
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return "e-" + suf
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}
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fn sux_dug4_past(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "mu-un-dug4" }
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return "mu-un-dug4-" + suf
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}
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// ── Special: du (to go) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// Intransitive motion verb. The agent is in the absolutive.
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// present (imperfective): i-du + personal suffix
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// past (perfective): mu-un-du + personal suffix (mu- on intransitive
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// when the agent is 3rd person; convention varies)
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fn sux_du_present(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "i-du" }
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return "i-du-" + suf
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}
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fn sux_du_past(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "mu-un-du" }
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return "mu-un-du-" + suf
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}
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// ── Special: igi bar (to see — "to open the eye") ────────────────────────────
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//
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// A compound verb: igi (eye) + bar (to open/spread). The noun igi is the
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// incorporated object; bar is the finite verb element.
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// present: igi i-bar + personal suffix
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// past: igi mu-un-bar + personal suffix
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fn sux_igibar_present(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "igi i-bar" }
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return "igi i-bar-" + suf
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}
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fn sux_igibar_past(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "igi mu-un-bar" }
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return "igi mu-un-bar-" + suf
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}
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// ── Special: ak (to do / make) ───────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// High-frequency transitive verb; forms the basis of many compound verbs.
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// present: i-ak + personal suffix
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// past: mu-un-ak + personal suffix
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fn sux_ak_present(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "i-ak" }
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return "i-ak-" + suf
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}
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fn sux_ak_past(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "mu-un-ak" }
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return "mu-un-ak-" + suf
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}
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// ── Special: tum2/de6 (to bring) ─────────────────────────────────────────────
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//
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// Motion verb with incorporated directionality.
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// present: i-tum2 + personal suffix
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// past: mu-un-tum2 + personal suffix
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fn sux_tum2_present(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "i-tum2" }
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return "i-tum2-" + suf
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}
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fn sux_tum2_past(slot: Int) -> String {
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let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
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if str_eq(suf, "") { return "mu-un-tum2" }
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return "mu-un-tum2-" + suf
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}
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// ── sux_conjugate: main conjugation entry point ───────────────────────────────
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//
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// verb: Sumerian verb stem or English canonical label
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// tense: "present" | "past"
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// (Sumerian distinguishes imperfective/perfective aspect rather than
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// tense proper; "present" maps to imperfective i-, "past" to
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// perfective mu-)
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// person: "first" | "second" | "third"
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// number: "singular" | "plural"
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//
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// Returns the inflected finite verb form in standard transliteration.
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// Falls back to mu- + stem for unknown verbs (productive perfective prefix).
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//
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// Note on ergativity in the verb chain: the prefix mu- encodes that the
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// agent (ergative subject) is 3rd person in the prototypical case. Full
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// pronominal infixing in the dimensional prefix chain is not modelled here;
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// the returned forms represent the 3rd-person-agent baseline with personal
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// suffixes for the absolutive participant.
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fn sux_conjugate(verb: String, tense: String, person: String, number: String) -> String {
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let v: String = sux_map_canonical(verb)
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let slot: Int = sux_slot(person, number)
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// ── "me" — copula / to be ────────────────────────────────────────────────
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if str_eq(v, "me") {
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if str_eq(tense, "present") { return sux_me_present(slot) }
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if str_eq(tense, "past") { return sux_me_past(slot) }
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return sux_me_present(slot)
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}
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// ── "dug4" — to say ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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if str_eq(v, "dug4") {
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if str_eq(tense, "present") { return sux_dug4_present(slot) }
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if str_eq(tense, "past") { return sux_dug4_past(slot) }
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return sux_dug4_past(slot)
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}
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// ── "du" — to go ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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if str_eq(v, "du") {
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if str_eq(tense, "present") { return sux_du_present(slot) }
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if str_eq(tense, "past") { return sux_du_past(slot) }
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return sux_du_past(slot)
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}
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// ── "igi-bar" — to see ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
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if str_eq(v, "igi-bar") {
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if str_eq(tense, "present") { return sux_igibar_present(slot) }
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if str_eq(tense, "past") { return sux_igibar_past(slot) }
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return sux_igibar_past(slot)
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}
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// ── "ak" — to do / make ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
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if str_eq(v, "ak") {
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if str_eq(tense, "present") { return sux_ak_present(slot) }
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if str_eq(tense, "past") { return sux_ak_past(slot) }
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return sux_ak_past(slot)
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}
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// ── "tum2" — to bring ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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if str_eq(v, "tum2") {
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if str_eq(tense, "present") { return sux_tum2_present(slot) }
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if str_eq(tense, "past") { return sux_tum2_past(slot) }
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return sux_tum2_past(slot)
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}
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// ── Regular fallback: prefix + stem + personal suffix ────────────────────
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//
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// For verbs not listed above, apply the productive rule:
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// imperfective (present): i- + stem + suffix
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// perfective (past): mu- + stem + suffix
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//
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// The "un" infix after mu- is a 3rd-person animate patient marker that
|
||||
// appears with transitive verbs; we omit it in the generic fallback as we
|
||||
// cannot know transitivity without a lexicon.
|
||||
|
||||
let suf: String = sux_personal_suffix(slot)
|
||||
if str_eq(tense, "present") {
|
||||
if str_eq(suf, "") { return "i-" + v }
|
||||
return "i-" + v + "-" + suf
|
||||
}
|
||||
// past / perfective
|
||||
if str_eq(suf, "") { return "mu-" + v }
|
||||
return "mu-" + v + "-" + suf
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ── Animacy detection ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Sumerian grammatical animacy (ANIMATE vs INANIMATE) is a binary noun class
|
||||
// distinction affecting plural formation and pronominal reference. Animate
|
||||
// nouns denote humans and deities; everything else is inanimate.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Heuristic: check for known divine/human markers in the noun:
|
||||
// - dingir/diĝir prefix (divine determinative, written with sign AN: 𒀭)
|
||||
// - Ends in -ra, -en (lordly epithets)
|
||||
// - Known human occupational terms as exact matches
|
||||
// - Otherwise: inanimate
|
||||
//
|
||||
// This is necessarily approximate without a full lexicon. The function errs
|
||||
// toward inanimate (safer default for open-class nouns).
|
||||
|
||||
fn sux_is_animate(noun: String) -> Bool {
|
||||
// Divine determinative in transliteration
|
||||
if sux_str_ends(noun, "diĝir") { return true }
|
||||
if sux_str_ends(noun, "dingir") { return true }
|
||||
// Common human roles
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "lugal") { return true } // king
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "nin") { return true } // lady/queen
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "en") { return true } // lord
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "ensi2") { return true } // ruler/governor
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "dumu") { return true } // son/child
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "dam") { return true } // spouse/wife
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "ama") { return true } // mother
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "ad") { return true } // father
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "a2-dam") { return true } // wife (alternate)
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "lu2") { return true } // man/person
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "munus") { return true } // woman
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "ur") { return true } // man (archaic)
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "saĝ") { return true } // head → person (as noun)
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "gudu4") { return true } // priest
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "sanga") { return true } // temple administrator
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "ugula") { return true } // overseer
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "dub-sar") { return true } // scribe
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "nar") { return true } // singer/musician
|
||||
if str_eq(noun, "sukkal") { return true } // minister/vizier
|
||||
// Check for divine name prefix d (determinative before proper names)
|
||||
if sux_str_ends(noun, "d-") { return true }
|
||||
// Otherwise: inanimate
|
||||
return false
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ── Case suffixes ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Sumerian is ergative-absolutive. The cases below are postpositional clitics
|
||||
// attached to the last element of the noun phrase.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// absolutive: ∅ (unmarked — subject of intransitive, object of transitive)
|
||||
// ergative: -e (subject of transitive verb — the AGENT)
|
||||
// genitive: -ak (possession, association; often written -a(k) before consonant)
|
||||
// dative: -ra (indirect object, beneficiary, "for/to")
|
||||
// locative: -a (location "in/at/on"; -e before certain consonants)
|
||||
// ablative: -ta (source, separation "from")
|
||||
// comitative: -da (accompaniment "with")
|
||||
// equative: -gin (comparison "like/as")
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Note: in connected speech the genitive -ak loses its final -k before a
|
||||
// consonant; this simplification uses the full form throughout.
|
||||
|
||||
fn sux_case_suffix(gram_case: String) -> String {
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "absolutive") { return "" }
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "ergative") { return "-e" }
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "genitive") { return "-ak" }
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "dative") { return "-ra" }
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "locative") { return "-a" }
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "ablative") { return "-ta" }
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "comitative") { return "-da" }
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "equative") { return "-gin" }
|
||||
// Terminative (-še3: "to/toward") — also attested
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "terminative") { return "-še" }
|
||||
return ""
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ── sux_decline: noun declension ─────────────────────────────────────────────
|
||||
//
|
||||
// noun: base form of the noun (absolutive singular = citation form)
|
||||
// gram_case: one of the cases listed above
|
||||
// number: "singular" | "plural"
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Plural formation:
|
||||
// Animate nouns: base + -ene (e.g. lugal-ene "kings")
|
||||
// Inanimate nouns: base + -a (collective/inanimate plural; less common,
|
||||
// many inanimate nouns are not pluralised at all in Sumerian)
|
||||
//
|
||||
// The case suffix attaches AFTER the plural marker.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Absolutive singular = the bare stem (no suffix added).
|
||||
|
||||
fn sux_decline(noun: String, gram_case: String, number: String) -> String {
|
||||
let csuf: String = sux_case_suffix(gram_case)
|
||||
if str_eq(number, "singular") {
|
||||
// Absolutive singular: bare stem with no suffix at all
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "absolutive") { return noun }
|
||||
// Strip the leading dash from the suffix for direct concatenation
|
||||
let suf_len: Int = str_len(csuf)
|
||||
let bare_suf: String = str_slice(csuf, 1, suf_len)
|
||||
return noun + bare_suf
|
||||
}
|
||||
// Plural
|
||||
let animate: Bool = sux_is_animate(noun)
|
||||
let plural_stem: String = ""
|
||||
if animate {
|
||||
let plural_stem = noun + "ene"
|
||||
}
|
||||
if !animate {
|
||||
let plural_stem = noun + "a"
|
||||
}
|
||||
if str_eq(gram_case, "absolutive") { return plural_stem }
|
||||
let suf_len2: Int = str_len(csuf)
|
||||
let bare_suf2: String = str_slice(csuf, 1, suf_len2)
|
||||
return plural_stem + bare_suf2
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ── sux_noun_phrase: noun phrase builder ─────────────────────────────────────
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Sumerian has NO articles (definite or indefinite). Determinateness is
|
||||
// expressed through context, position, or the genitive construction.
|
||||
// The "definite" parameter is accepted for interface compatibility but is
|
||||
// ignored — the returned form is always the declined noun alone.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// noun: base (absolutive) form
|
||||
// gram_case: grammatical case string
|
||||
// number: "singular" | "plural"
|
||||
// definite: ignored (Sumerian has no articles)
|
||||
|
||||
fn sux_noun_phrase(noun: String, gram_case: String, number: String, definite: String) -> String {
|
||||
return sux_decline(noun, gram_case, number)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ── sux_verb_chain: build the finite verbal complex ───────────────────────────
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Constructs the full Sumerian SOV clause for a transitive or intransitive
|
||||
// predication. Sumerian word order is strict SOV.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// For TRANSITIVE sentences (ergative construction):
|
||||
// agent (in ergative case: noun + -e) + patient (absolutive) + verb
|
||||
// Example: lugal-e é mu-un-dù
|
||||
// king-ERG house-ABS built
|
||||
// "The king built the house."
|
||||
//
|
||||
// For INTRANSITIVE sentences:
|
||||
// agent (in absolutive case: bare noun) + verb
|
||||
// Example: lugal du
|
||||
// king-ABS went
|
||||
// "The king went."
|
||||
//
|
||||
// agent: the subject noun (base/absolutive form); ergative suffix applied here
|
||||
// verb: Sumerian verb stem or canonical English label
|
||||
// patient: patient noun (absolutive; pass "" for intransitive)
|
||||
// tense: "present" | "past"
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Note: this function handles third-person singular agreement throughout, which
|
||||
// is the most common narrative form in Sumerian texts. The conjugated verb
|
||||
// form uses sux_conjugate with "third"/"singular" for the absolutive agreement.
|
||||
|
||||
fn sux_verb_chain(agent: String, verb: String, patient: String, tense: String) -> String {
|
||||
let conjugated: String = sux_conjugate(verb, tense, "third", "singular")
|
||||
// Intransitive: agent in absolutive + verb
|
||||
if str_eq(patient, "") {
|
||||
return agent + " " + conjugated
|
||||
}
|
||||
// Transitive: agent in ergative + patient in absolutive + verb
|
||||
// Apply ergative suffix directly (no leading dash needed — it is -e)
|
||||
let agent_erg: String = agent + "e"
|
||||
return agent_erg + " " + patient + " " + conjugated
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// ── sux_realize_sentence: top-level sentence realizer ────────────────────────
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Assembles a complete Sumerian sentence from semantic components.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// intent: "assert" | "question" | "describe"
|
||||
// agent: subject noun (base form)
|
||||
// predicate: verb stem / canonical label (for assert/question) OR
|
||||
// adjective/noun predicate (for describe / nominal sentence)
|
||||
// patient: object noun (base form); pass "" for intransitive or nominal sentence
|
||||
// tense: "present" | "past"
|
||||
//
|
||||
// ── assert (declarative transitive/intransitive) ─────────────────────────────
|
||||
// Builds the SOV verb chain using sux_verb_chain.
|
||||
// Ergative marking is applied to the agent when a patient is present.
|
||||
// Example: lugal-e é mu-un-dù "The king built the house."
|
||||
//
|
||||
// ── question ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
||||
// Sumerian polar questions are formed by appending the enclitic -a to the
|
||||
// verb (written -am₃ in some analyses; here "-a" on the verb complex).
|
||||
// Word order is unchanged (SOV retained).
|
||||
// Example: lugal-e é mu-un-dù-a? "Did the king build the house?"
|
||||
//
|
||||
// ── describe (nominal/equational sentence) ──────────────────────────────────
|
||||
// Sumerian equational sentences (X is Y) typically omit the copula entirely
|
||||
// or append -am₃ to the predicate nominal/adjective.
|
||||
// Form: agent + predicate + "-am3"
|
||||
// Example: lugal-am3 "He is a king." / lugal kalag-ga-am3 "The king is mighty."
|
||||
//
|
||||
// When a patient is provided in describe mode, it is treated as the predicate
|
||||
// complement: agent + patient-am3.
|
||||
|
||||
fn sux_realize_sentence(intent: String, agent: String, predicate: String, patient: String, tense: String) -> String {
|
||||
if str_eq(intent, "assert") {
|
||||
return sux_verb_chain(agent, predicate, patient, tense)
|
||||
}
|
||||
if str_eq(intent, "question") {
|
||||
// Build the assertion first, then append the question enclitic -a
|
||||
let assertion: String = sux_verb_chain(agent, predicate, patient, tense)
|
||||
return assertion + "-a"
|
||||
}
|
||||
if str_eq(intent, "describe") {
|
||||
// Nominal/equational sentence: agent predicate/patient + copula clitic -am3
|
||||
// When patient is given it serves as the predicate nominal
|
||||
if str_eq(patient, "") {
|
||||
return agent + " " + predicate + "-am3"
|
||||
}
|
||||
return agent + " " + patient + "-am3"
|
||||
}
|
||||
// Fallback: plain assertion
|
||||
return sux_verb_chain(agent, predicate, patient, tense)
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user