add runtime/time.el, math.el, state.el — time, math, and state in El

Migrates the time, math/float, and in-process state surfaces from
el-compiler/runtime/legacy/el_runtime.c to self-hosted El source:

- runtime/time.el: time_now, sleep_secs/ms, time_to_parts (via pure-El
  Gregorian civil_from_days decomposition), time_format (ISO + strftime
  subset), time_add, time_diff, time_from_parts; full Instant/Duration
  nanosecond API (now, unix_seconds/millis, duration_seconds/millis,
  instant_to_iso8601, sleep_duration); TTL cache (ttl_cache_set/get/age
  backed by state); uuid_new / uuid_v4 via __uuid_v4 seed.

- runtime/math.el: el_abs, el_max, el_min (Int); math_sqrt/log/ln/sin/cos/pi
  (Float seed wrappers); float_to_str, int_to_float, float_to_int, str_to_float,
  format_float (__format_float seed), decimal_round (half-away-from-zero via
  pure-El _pow10/_floor_f helpers).

- runtime/state.el: state_set/get/del/keys thin wrappers over __state_* seeds;
  convenience helpers state_has and state_get_or.
This commit is contained in:
Will Anderson
2026-05-03 15:39:48 -05:00
parent 9d0e1f64d4
commit 5678745381
3 changed files with 633 additions and 0 deletions
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// runtime/math.el Float math, integer utilities, and numeric conversions.
//
// Implements the math/float surface from el-compiler/runtime/legacy/el_runtime.c
// (lines 303305 for el_abs/max/min, lines 47254771 for float/format ops)
// in pure El, using seed primitives.
//
// Seed primitives consumed:
// __sqrt_f(f: Float) -> Float
// __log_f(f: Float) -> Float
// __ln_f(f: Float) -> Float
// __sin_f(f: Float) -> Float
// __cos_f(f: Float) -> Float
// __pi_f() -> Float
// __float_to_str(f: Float) -> String
// __str_to_float(s: String) -> Float
// __int_to_str(n: Int) -> String
// __str_to_int(s: String) -> Int
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Integer math el_abs, el_max, el_min.
//
// Matches legacy el_abs, el_max, el_min (lines 303305).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// el_abs absolute value of an integer.
fn el_abs(n: Int) -> Int {
if n < 0 { return -n }
return n
}
// el_max larger of two integers.
fn el_max(a: Int, b: Int) -> Int {
if a > b { return a }
return b
}
// el_min smaller of two integers.
fn el_min(a: Int, b: Int) -> Int {
if a < b { return a }
return b
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Float math thin wrappers over seed primitives.
//
// Matches legacy math_sqrt, math_log, math_ln, math_sin, math_cos, math_pi
// (lines 47664771).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// math_sqrt square root.
fn math_sqrt(f: Float) -> Float {
return __sqrt_f(f)
}
// math_log base-10 logarithm.
fn math_log(f: Float) -> Float {
return __log_f(f)
}
// math_ln natural logarithm.
fn math_ln(f: Float) -> Float {
return __ln_f(f)
}
// math_sin sine (radians).
fn math_sin(f: Float) -> Float {
return __sin_f(f)
}
// math_cos cosine (radians).
fn math_cos(f: Float) -> Float {
return __cos_f(f)
}
// math_pi the constant π.
fn math_pi() -> Float {
return __pi_f()
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Float conversions float_to_str, int_to_float, float_to_int, str_to_float.
//
// Matches legacy float_to_str, int_to_float, float_to_int, str_to_float
// (lines 47254762).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// float_to_str format a float using %g (shortest exact representation).
// Matches legacy float_to_str() snprintf "%g".
fn float_to_str(f: Float) -> String {
return __float_to_str(f)
}
// int_to_float convert an integer to a float.
// Matches legacy int_to_float() (double)(int64_t)n.
fn int_to_float(n: Int) -> Float {
return __int_to_float(n)
}
// float_to_int truncate a float to an integer (toward zero).
// Matches legacy float_to_int() (int64_t)el_to_float(f).
fn float_to_int(f: Float) -> Int {
return __float_to_int(f)
}
// str_to_float parse a float from a string. Returns 0.0 on failure.
// Matches legacy str_to_float() strtod(str, NULL).
fn str_to_float(s: String) -> Float {
return __str_to_float(s)
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// format_float format a float to a fixed number of decimal places.
//
// decimals is clamped to [0, 30]. Matches legacy format_float() snprintf "%.*f".
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fn format_float(f: Float, decimals: Int) -> String {
let d: Int = decimals
if d < 0 { d = 0 }
if d > 30 { d = 30 }
// Delegate to seed; the seed exposes __format_float(f, d) -> String.
// This matches snprintf(buf, 128, "%.*f", d, v) in the legacy runtime.
return __format_float(f, d)
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// decimal_round round a float to d decimal places (half-away-from-zero).
//
// Matches legacy decimal_round():
// mul = pow(10, d)
// r = (v >= 0 ? floor(v*mul + 0.5) : -floor(-v*mul + 0.5)) / mul
//
// We implement pow(10, d) via a loop (d <= 15, so at most 15 multiplications).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// _pow10 10^n as a Float for n in [0, 15].
fn _pow10(n: Int) -> Float {
let result: Float = 1.0
let i: Int = 0
while i < n {
result = result * 10.0
i = i + 1
}
return result
}
// _floor_f floor of a float: largest integer <= f.
// Uses __float_to_int (truncation) with correction for negative non-integers.
fn _floor_f(f: Float) -> Float {
let t: Int = __float_to_int(f)
let tf: Float = __int_to_float(t)
// if f was negative and not already an integer, subtract 1
if f < 0.0 {
if tf > f {
return tf - 1.0
}
}
return tf
}
fn decimal_round(f: Float, decimals: Int) -> Float {
let d: Int = decimals
if d < 0 { d = 0 }
if d > 15 { d = 15 }
let mul: Float = _pow10(d)
if f >= 0.0 {
return _floor_f(f * mul + 0.5) / mul
}
return 0.0 - _floor_f((0.0 - f) * mul + 0.5) / mul
}
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// runtime/state.el In-process key/value store.
//
// Thin El wrappers over the __state_* seed primitives. The backing store is
// a process-wide hash map maintained by the El runtime (formerly el_runtime.c
// lines 46324721: state_set, state_get, state_del, state_keys).
//
// Keys and values are Strings. Values are persistent across request boundaries
// within the same process instance (they survive individual request lifetimes).
// Concurrent access is serialized by the runtime; these wrappers are lock-free
// from El's perspective.
//
// Seed primitives consumed:
// __state_set(key: String, val: String)
// __state_get(key: String) -> String
// __state_del(key: String)
// __state_keys() -> String (JSON array of key strings)
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Core set / get / del / keys
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// state_set store val under key. Overwrites any existing value.
fn state_set(key: String, val: String) {
__state_set(key, val)
}
// state_get retrieve the value for key. Returns "" if key is absent.
fn state_get(key: String) -> String {
return __state_get(key)
}
// state_del remove key from the store. No-op if key does not exist.
fn state_del(key: String) {
__state_del(key)
}
// state_keys return a JSON array string of all current keys.
// e.g. ["foo","bar","baz"]
// Matches legacy state_keys() which returns an ElList (here serialized as JSON).
fn state_keys() -> String {
return __state_keys()
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Convenience helpers
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// state_has true if key is present (value is non-empty string).
// Note: a key set to "" is indistinguishable from absent via state_get alone.
fn state_has(key: String) -> Bool {
let v: String = state_get(key)
if str_eq(v, "") { return false }
return true
}
// state_get_or return val for key, or default_val if key is absent.
fn state_get_or(key: String, default_val: String) -> String {
let v: String = state_get(key)
if str_eq(v, "") { return default_val }
return v
}
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// runtime/time.el Time operations, sleep, and formatting.
//
// Implements the time surface from el-compiler/runtime/legacy/el_runtime.c
// (lines 33343440, 34713656) in pure El, using seed primitives.
//
// Seed primitives consumed:
// __time_now_ns() -> Int (nanoseconds since Unix epoch)
// __sleep_ms(n: Int)
// __int_to_str(n: Int) -> String
// __str_to_int(s: String) -> Int
// __float_to_str(f: Float) -> String
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Core now / sleep
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// time_now milliseconds since Unix epoch (UTC). Matches legacy time_now().
fn time_now() -> Int {
return __time_now_ns() / 1000000
}
// time_now_utc same as time_now; UTC alias kept for compatibility.
fn time_now_utc() -> Int {
return __time_now_ns() / 1000000
}
// now_ns nanoseconds since Unix epoch. Matches el_now_instant().
fn now_ns() -> Int {
return __time_now_ns()
}
// unix_timestamp whole seconds since Unix epoch. Matches unix_timestamp().
fn unix_timestamp() -> Int {
return __time_now_ns() / 1000000000
}
// sleep_secs block for n seconds. Clamps negatives to 0.
fn sleep_secs(n: Int) {
if n < 0 {
__sleep_ms(0)
} else {
__sleep_ms(n * 1000)
}
}
// sleep_ms block for n milliseconds. Clamps negatives to 0.
fn sleep_ms(n: Int) {
if n < 0 {
__sleep_ms(0)
} else {
__sleep_ms(n)
}
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Gregorian decomposition helpers pure integer arithmetic.
//
// Algorithm: civil date from days since Unix epoch (1970-01-01).
// Based on Howard Hinnant's public-domain civil_from_days formula
// (http://howardhinnant.github.io/date_algorithms.html), which the legacy
// gmtime_r call performs under the hood.
//
// We expose the pieces as private helpers (leading underscore convention).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// _is_leap 1 if year y is a Gregorian leap year, 0 otherwise.
fn _is_leap(y: Int) -> Int {
if y % 400 == 0 { return 1 }
if y % 100 == 0 { return 0 }
if y % 4 == 0 { return 1 }
return 0
}
// _days_in_month number of days in month m of year y (m: 1..12).
fn _days_in_month(y: Int, m: Int) -> Int {
if m == 1 { return 31 }
if m == 2 {
if _is_leap(y) == 1 { return 29 }
return 28
}
if m == 3 { return 31 }
if m == 4 { return 30 }
if m == 5 { return 31 }
if m == 6 { return 30 }
if m == 7 { return 31 }
if m == 8 { return 31 }
if m == 9 { return 30 }
if m == 10 { return 31 }
if m == 11 { return 30 }
return 31
}
// _pad2 zero-pad an integer to at least 2 digits.
fn _pad2(n: Int) -> String {
if n < 10 { return "0" + __int_to_str(n) }
return __int_to_str(n)
}
// _pad4 zero-pad an integer to at least 4 digits.
fn _pad4(n: Int) -> String {
if n < 10 { return "000" + __int_to_str(n) }
if n < 100 { return "00" + __int_to_str(n) }
if n < 1000 { return "0" + __int_to_str(n) }
return __int_to_str(n)
}
// _pad3 zero-pad an integer to at least 3 digits (milliseconds).
fn _pad3(n: Int) -> String {
if n < 10 { return "00" + __int_to_str(n) }
if n < 100 { return "0" + __int_to_str(n) }
return __int_to_str(n)
}
// _civil_year_month_day decompose days-since-epoch (z, may be negative)
// into year/month/day using the civil_from_days algorithm.
// Returns a JSON object: {"year":Y,"month":M,"day":D}
fn _civil_ymd(z: Int) -> String {
// shift epoch to 0000-03-01 (makes leap-day math clean)
let zz: Int = z + 719468
// era: 400-year block
let era: Int = zz / 146097
if zz < 0 {
era = (zz - 146096) / 146097
}
let doe: Int = zz - era * 146097 // day-of-era [0, 146096]
let yoe: Int = (doe - doe / 1460 + doe / 36524 - doe / 146096) / 365 // year-of-era [0, 399]
let y: Int = yoe + era * 400
let doy: Int = doe - (365 * yoe + yoe / 4 - yoe / 100) // day-of-year [0, 365]
let mp: Int = (5 * doy + 2) / 153 // month in [0, 11] from March
let d: Int = doy - (153 * mp + 2) / 5 + 1 // day [1, 31]
let m: Int = mp + 3
if mp >= 10 { m = mp - 9 }
if mp >= 10 { y = y + 1 }
return "{\"year\":" + __int_to_str(y) + ",\"month\":" + __int_to_str(m) + ",\"day\":" + __int_to_str(d) + "}"
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// time_to_parts decompose a millisecond timestamp into UTC components.
//
// Returns a JSON string:
// {"year":Y,"month":M,"day":D,"hour":H,"minute":M,"second":S,"ms":MS}
//
// Matches legacy time_to_parts() which returns an ElMap with the same keys.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fn time_to_parts(ts: Int) -> String {
let ms_raw: Int = ts % 1000
let ms: Int = ms_raw
if ms_raw < 0 { ms = ms_raw + 1000 }
let s_raw: Int = ts / 1000
let s: Int = s_raw
if ms_raw < 0 { s = s_raw - 1 }
// seconds within the day and days since epoch
let sec_of_day: Int = s % 86400
let day_z: Int = s / 86400
// handle negative: floor division
if sec_of_day < 0 {
sec_of_day = sec_of_day + 86400
day_z = day_z - 1
}
let hour: Int = sec_of_day / 3600
let rem: Int = sec_of_day % 3600
let minute: Int = rem / 60
let second: Int = rem % 60
// date components via civil decomposition
let ymd: String = _civil_ymd(day_z)
let year: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(ymd, "year"))
let month: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(ymd, "month"))
let day: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(ymd, "day"))
return "{\"year\":" + __int_to_str(year) +
",\"month\":" + __int_to_str(month) +
",\"day\":" + __int_to_str(day) +
",\"hour\":" + __int_to_str(hour) +
",\"minute\":" + __int_to_str(minute) +
",\"second\":" + __int_to_str(second) +
",\"ms\":" + __int_to_str(ms) + "}"
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// time_format format a millisecond timestamp as a string.
//
// fmt "ISO" (or empty) "YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.mmmZ" (ISO 8601 UTC)
// Other fmt values are passed as a strftime-style hint; the El runtime
// implements the most common tokens. Unsupported tokens are passed through.
//
// Matches legacy time_format().
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fn time_format(ts: Int, fmt: String) -> String {
let parts: String = time_to_parts(ts)
let y: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(parts, "year"))
let mo: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(parts, "month"))
let d: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(parts, "day"))
let h: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(parts, "hour"))
let mi: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(parts, "minute"))
let s: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(parts, "second"))
let ms: Int = __str_to_int(json_get(parts, "ms"))
// ISO 8601 UTC: YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.mmmZ
if str_eq(fmt, "ISO") {
return _pad4(y) + "-" + _pad2(mo) + "-" + _pad2(d) +
"T" + _pad2(h) + ":" + _pad2(mi) + ":" + _pad2(s) +
"." + _pad3(ms) + "Z"
}
if str_eq(fmt, "") {
return _pad4(y) + "-" + _pad2(mo) + "-" + _pad2(d) +
"T" + _pad2(h) + ":" + _pad2(mi) + ":" + _pad2(s) +
"." + _pad3(ms) + "Z"
}
// strftime-subset: replace common tokens
let out: String = fmt
let out = str_replace(out, "%Y", _pad4(y))
let out = str_replace(out, "%m", _pad2(mo))
let out = str_replace(out, "%d", _pad2(d))
let out = str_replace(out, "%H", _pad2(h))
let out = str_replace(out, "%M", _pad2(mi))
let out = str_replace(out, "%S", _pad2(s))
let out = str_replace(out, "%3N", _pad3(ms))
return out
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// time_from_parts construct a ms timestamp from seconds + nanosecond offset.
//
// Matches legacy time_from_parts(secs, ns, tz) tz is ignored (UTC assumed).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fn time_from_parts(secs: Int, ns: Int, tz: String) -> Int {
return secs * 1000 + ns / 1000000
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// time_add add a duration to a millisecond timestamp.
//
// unit: "ms" | "sec" | "min" | "hour" | "day"
// Matches legacy time_add().
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fn time_add(ts: Int, n: Int, unit: String) -> Int {
if str_eq(unit, "ms") { return ts + n }
if str_eq(unit, "sec") { return ts + n * 1000 }
if str_eq(unit, "min") { return ts + n * 60000 }
if str_eq(unit, "hour") { return ts + n * 3600000 }
if str_eq(unit, "day") { return ts + n * 86400000 }
// default: treat as ms
return ts + n
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// time_diff compute the difference between two millisecond timestamps.
//
// Returns ts2 - ts1 in the given unit.
// unit: "ms" | "sec" | "min" | "hour" | "day"
// Matches legacy time_diff().
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fn time_diff(ts1: Int, ts2: Int, unit: String) -> Int {
let d: Int = ts2 - ts1
if str_eq(unit, "ms") { return d }
if str_eq(unit, "sec") { return d / 1000 }
if str_eq(unit, "min") { return d / 60000 }
if str_eq(unit, "hour") { return d / 3600000 }
if str_eq(unit, "day") { return d / 86400000 }
return d
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Instant / Duration nanosecond-precision temporal types.
//
// These match the el_now_instant, duration_seconds, duration_millis, etc.
// family from legacy lines 34713656. Both Instant and Duration are Int
// (nanoseconds); the type distinction is at the call-site convention level.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// now current Instant in nanoseconds. Alias for __time_now_ns().
fn now() -> Int {
return __time_now_ns()
}
// unix_seconds Instant from whole seconds since epoch.
fn unix_seconds(n: Int) -> Int {
return n * 1000000000
}
// unix_millis Instant from milliseconds since epoch.
fn unix_millis(n: Int) -> Int {
return n * 1000000
}
// instant_to_unix_seconds convert Instant nanoseconds to whole seconds.
fn instant_to_unix_seconds(i: Int) -> Int {
return i / 1000000000
}
// instant_to_unix_millis convert Instant nanoseconds to milliseconds.
fn instant_to_unix_millis(i: Int) -> Int {
return i / 1000000
}
// instant_to_iso8601 format an Instant (nanoseconds) as ISO 8601 UTC.
fn instant_to_iso8601(i: Int) -> String {
let ms: Int = i / 1000000
return time_format(ms, "ISO")
}
// duration_seconds Duration from n whole seconds.
fn duration_seconds(n: Int) -> Int {
return n * 1000000000
}
// duration_millis Duration from n milliseconds.
fn duration_millis(n: Int) -> Int {
return n * 1000000
}
// duration_nanos Duration from n nanoseconds (identity).
fn duration_nanos(n: Int) -> Int {
return n
}
// duration_to_seconds convert a Duration (nanoseconds) to whole seconds.
fn duration_to_seconds(d: Int) -> Int {
return d / 1000000000
}
// duration_to_millis convert a Duration (nanoseconds) to milliseconds.
fn duration_to_millis(d: Int) -> Int {
return d / 1000000
}
// duration_to_nanos return the Duration as nanoseconds (identity).
fn duration_to_nanos(d: Int) -> Int {
return d
}
// sleep_duration sleep for a Duration (nanoseconds). Clamps negatives to 0.
fn sleep_duration(dur: Int) {
let ms: Int = dur / 1000000
if ms < 0 {
__sleep_ms(0)
} else {
__sleep_ms(ms)
}
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// TTL cache time-bounded key/value backed by state.
//
// Matches legacy ttl_cache_set / ttl_cache_get / ttl_cache_age (lines 36633717).
// max_age is a Duration (nanoseconds).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ttl_cache_set store a value and record the current Instant for TTL checks.
fn ttl_cache_set(key: String, value: String) {
state_set(key, value)
let stamp_key: String = "__ttl_at:" + key
let now_str: String = __int_to_str(__time_now_ns())
state_set(stamp_key, now_str)
}
// ttl_cache_get return value if age < max_age (nanoseconds), else "".
fn ttl_cache_get(key: String, max_age: Int) -> String {
let stamp_key: String = "__ttl_at:" + key
let sv: String = state_get(stamp_key)
if str_eq(sv, "") { return "" }
let set_at: Int = __str_to_int(sv)
let now_ns: Int = __time_now_ns()
let age: Int = now_ns - set_at
if age < 0 { return "" }
if age > max_age { return "" }
return state_get(key)
}
// ttl_cache_age nanoseconds since a key was last set (INT_MAX sentinel if missing).
fn ttl_cache_age(key: String) -> Int {
let stamp_key: String = "__ttl_at:" + key
let sv: String = state_get(stamp_key)
if str_eq(sv, "") { return 9223372036854775807 }
let set_at: Int = __str_to_int(sv)
return __time_now_ns() - set_at
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// uuid_new / uuid_v4 generate a UUID v4 string.
//
// Delegates to the __uuid_v4() seed primitive.
// Matches legacy uuid_new() / uuid_v4() (lines 46024621).
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fn uuid_new() -> String {
return __uuid_v4()
}
fn uuid_v4() -> String {
return __uuid_v4()
}