chore: merge dev into v2 (#34788)

Co-authored-by: Brendan Allan <14191578+Brendonovich@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Kit Langton <kit.langton@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: opencode-agent[bot] <opencode-agent[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Affan Ali <93028901+affanali2k3@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: affanali2k3 <affanalikhanxx@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Frank <frank@anoma.ly>
Co-authored-by: opencode-agent[bot] <219766164+opencode-agent[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: 𝓛𝓲𝓽𝓽𝓵𝓮 𝓕𝓻𝓪𝓷𝓴 <little-frank@opencord.local>
Co-authored-by: Aiden Cline <63023139+rekram1-node@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Jay V <air@live.ca>
Co-authored-by: Dax Raad <d@ironbay.co>
Co-authored-by: Aarav Sareen <96787824+arvsrn@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: OpeOginni <107570612+OpeOginni@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Luke Parker <10430890+Hona@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ben Guthrie <benjee.012@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Dax <mail@thdxr.com>
Co-authored-by: Filip <34747899+neriousy@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Max Anderson <max.a.anderson95@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Brendan Allan <git@brendonovich.dev>
Co-authored-by: Jack <jack@anoma.ly>
Co-authored-by: Shoubhit Dash <shoubhit2005@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Dustin Deus <deusdustin@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: starptech <starptech@starptechs-MBP.fritz.box>
Co-authored-by: Aiden Cline <aidenpcline@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: usrnk1 <7547651+usrnk1@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Jay <53023+jayair@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: runvip <164729189+runvip@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: opencode <opencode@sst.dev>
Co-authored-by: Julian Coy <julian@ex-machina.co>
Co-authored-by: Vladimir Glafirov <vglafirov@gitlab.com>

packages/opencode/test/account/repo.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer, Option } from "effect"
 import { sql } from "drizzle-orm"
 
@@ -13,9 +14,10 @@ const truncate = Layer.effectDiscard(
     yield* db.run(sql`DELETE FROM account_state`)
     yield* db.run(sql`DELETE FROM account`)
   }),
-).pipe(Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer))
+)
+const truncateNode = LayerNode.make({ name: "truncate-account", layer: truncate, deps: [Database.node] })
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.merge(AccountRepo.defaultLayer, truncate))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([AccountRepo.node, truncateNode])))
 
 it.live("list returns empty when no accounts exist", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {

packages/opencode/test/account/service.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { httpClient } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-platform"
 import { Duration, Effect, Layer, Option, Schema } from "effect"
 import { sql } from "drizzle-orm"
 import { HttpClient, HttpClientError, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
@@ -25,15 +27,16 @@ const truncate = Layer.effectDiscard(
     yield* db.run(sql`DELETE FROM account_state`)
     yield* db.run(sql`DELETE FROM account`)
   }),
-).pipe(Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer))
+)
+const truncateNode = LayerNode.make({ name: "truncate-account", layer: truncate, deps: [Database.node] })
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.merge(AccountRepo.defaultLayer, truncate))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([AccountRepo.node, truncateNode])))
 
 const insideEagerRefreshWindow = Duration.toMillis(Duration.minutes(1))
 const outsideEagerRefreshWindow = Duration.toMillis(Duration.minutes(10))
 
 const live = (client: HttpClient.HttpClient) =>
-  Account.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, client)))
+  LayerNode.compile(Account.node, [[httpClient, Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, client)]])
 
 const json = (req: Parameters<typeof HttpClientResponse.fromWeb>[0], body: unknown, status = 200) =>
   HttpClientResponse.fromWeb(

packages/opencode/test/acp/directory.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Directory } from "@/acp/directory"
 import { Command } from "@/command"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
@@ -83,8 +84,9 @@ const snapshot = (directory: string) => {
 }
 
 const fakeLayer = (calls: string[]) =>
-  Directory.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(
+  LayerNode.compile(Directory.node, [
+    [
+      Directory.loaderNode,
       Layer.succeed(
         Directory.Loader,
         Directory.Loader.of({
@@ -95,8 +97,8 @@ const fakeLayer = (calls: string[]) =>
             }),
         }),
       ),
-    ),
-  )
+    ],
+  ])
 
 describe("ACP directory snapshot", () => {
   it.effect("two concurrent callers share one load", () => {

packages/opencode/test/acp/event.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from "bun:test"
 import type { AgentSideConnection } from "@agentclientprotocol/sdk"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import type { Event, Message, OpencodeClient, Part, SessionMessageResponse, ToolPart } from "@opencode-ai/sdk/v2"
 import { Effect, ManagedRuntime } from "effect"
 import { ACPEvent } from "@/acp/event"
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ const pollUntil = async (
 }
 
 function makeSessionService() {
-  return ManagedRuntime.make(ACPSession.defaultLayer).runSync(
+  return ManagedRuntime.make(LayerNode.compile(ACPSession.node)).runSync(
     ACPSession.Service.use((service) => Effect.succeed(service)),
   )
 }

packages/opencode/test/acp/permission.test.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import type {
   SessionUpdate,
 } from "@agentclientprotocol/sdk"
 import type { Event, OpencodeClient } from "@opencode-ai/sdk/v2"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { createTwoFilesPatch } from "diff"
 import { Effect, ManagedRuntime } from "effect"
 import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises"
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ const pollUntil = async (
 }
 
 function makeSessionService() {
-  return ManagedRuntime.make(ACPSession.defaultLayer).runSync(
+  return ManagedRuntime.make(LayerNode.compile(ACPSession.node)).runSync(
     ACPSession.Service.use((service) => Effect.succeed(service)),
   )
 }

packages/opencode/test/acp/session.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import type { McpServer } from "@agentclientprotocol/sdk"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@ import * as ACPError from "@/acp/error"
 import * as ACPSession from "@/acp/session"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const sessionTest = testEffect(ACPSession.defaultLayer)
+const sessionTest = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(ACPSession.node))
 
 const model = (providerID: string, modelID: string): ACPSession.SelectedModel => ({
   providerID: ProviderV2.ID.make(providerID),

packages/opencode/test/acp/usage.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import type { SessionNotification } from "@agentclientprotocol/sdk"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { UsageService } from "@/acp/usage"
@@ -97,24 +98,26 @@ const fakeLayer = (input: {
   readonly messages?: Effect.Effect<readonly UsageService.SessionMessage[], unknown>
   readonly providers?: (directory: string) => Effect.Effect<Record<ProviderV2.ID, Provider.Info>, unknown>
 }) =>
-  UsageService.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(
-      Layer.mergeAll(
-        Layer.succeed(
-          UsageService.MessageLoader,
-          UsageService.MessageLoader.of({
-            messages: () => input.messages ?? Effect.succeed([]),
-          }),
-        ),
-        Layer.succeed(
-          UsageService.ContextLimitLoader,
-          UsageService.ContextLimitLoader.of({
-            providers: input.providers ?? (() => Effect.succeed(providers())),
-          }),
-        ),
+  LayerNode.compile(UsageService.node, [
+    [
+      UsageService.messageLoaderNode,
+      Layer.succeed(
+        UsageService.MessageLoader,
+        UsageService.MessageLoader.of({
+          messages: () => input.messages ?? Effect.succeed([]),
+        }),
       ),
-    ),
-  )
+    ],
+    [
+      UsageService.contextLimitLoaderNode,
+      Layer.succeed(
+        UsageService.ContextLimitLoader,
+        UsageService.ContextLimitLoader.of({
+          providers: input.providers ?? (() => Effect.succeed(providers())),
+        }),
+      ),
+    ],
+  ])
 
 const connection = (updates: SessionNotification[]) => ({
   sessionUpdate(params: SessionNotification) {

packages/opencode/test/agent/agent.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Layer } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
 import { disposeAllInstances, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
@@ -14,17 +15,11 @@ import { Plugin } from "../../src/plugin"
 import { Provider } from "../../src/provider/provider"
 import { Skill } from "../../src/skill"
 import { Truncate } from "../../src/tool/truncate"
-import { LocationServiceMap, locationServiceMapLayer } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-services"
 
 const agentLayer = (flags: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info> = {}) =>
-  Agent.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Plugin.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Provider.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Skill.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(locationServiceMapLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)),
+  LayerNode.compile(
+    LayerNode.group([Agent.node, Plugin.node, Provider.node, Auth.node, Config.node, Skill.node, RuntimeFlags.node]),
+    [[RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)]],
   )
 
 const it = testEffect(agentLayer())

packages/opencode/test/agent/plan-mode-subagent-bypass.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { PermissionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/permission"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Agent } from "../../src/agent/agent"
@@ -6,7 +7,7 @@ import { deriveSubagentSessionPermission } from "../../src/agent/subagent-permis
 import { Permission } from "../../src/permission"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Agent.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Agent.node))
 
 function testAgent(input: {
   name: string

packages/opencode/test/agent/plugin-agent-regression.test.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
-import { LocationServiceMap, locationServiceMapLayer } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-services"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { FetchHttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
+import { Npm } from "@opencode-ai/core/npm"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
 import { Agent } from "../../src/agent/agent"
-import { EventV2Bridge } from "../../src/event-v2-bridge"
-import { Config } from "../../src/config/config"
-import { Env } from "../../src/env"
+import { Account } from "../../src/account/account"
+import { Auth } from "../../src/auth"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "../../src/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { Plugin } from "../../src/plugin"
+import { Provider } from "../../src/provider/provider"
+import { Skill } from "../../src/skill"
 import { AccountTest } from "../fake/account"
 import { AuthTest } from "../fake/auth"
 import { NpmTest } from "../fake/npm"
@@ -18,6 +17,8 @@ import { ProviderTest } from "../fake/provider"
 import { SkillTest } from "../fake/skill"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { PLUGIN_AGENT } from "../fixture/agent-plugin.constants"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 
 // `it.instance` skips InstanceBootstrap so LSP / MCP don't spin up — those
 // services hang during scope teardown on Windows and aren't needed
@@ -25,30 +26,16 @@ import { PLUGIN_AGENT } from "../fixture/agent-plugin.constants"
 const pluginUrl = pathToFileURL(path.join(import.meta.dir, "..", "fixture", "agent-plugin.ts")).href
 
 const provider = ProviderTest.fake()
-const configLayer = Config.layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(Env.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(AuthTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(AccountTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(NpmTest.noop),
-  Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
+const it = testEffect(
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Agent.node, Plugin.node]), [
+    [Auth.node, AuthTest.empty],
+    [Account.node, AccountTest.empty],
+    [Npm.node, NpmTest.noop],
+    [Provider.node, provider.layer],
+    [Skill.node, SkillTest.empty],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true })],
+  ]),
 )
-const pluginLayer = Plugin.layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(configLayer),
-  Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true })),
-)
-const agentLayer = Agent.layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(configLayer),
-  Layer.provide(AuthTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(SkillTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(provider.layer),
-  Layer.provide(pluginLayer),
-  Layer.provide(locationServiceMapLayer),
-  Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true })),
-)
-
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(agentLayer, pluginLayer))
 
 it.instance(
   "plugin-registered agents appear in Agent.list",

packages/opencode/test/auth/auth.test.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Auth } from "../../src/auth"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const node = CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer
-
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Auth.defaultLayer, node))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Auth.node))
 
 describe("Auth", () => {
   it.instance("set normalizes trailing slashes in keys", () =>

packages/opencode/test/cli/effect-cmd-instance-als.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { fileURLToPath } from "url"
@@ -6,7 +7,7 @@ import { InstanceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
 import { disposeAllInstances, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(FSUtil.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node))
 
 afterEach(async () => {
   await disposeAllInstances()

packages/opencode/test/cli/help/__snapshots__/help-snapshots.test.ts.snap

@@ -76,39 +76,35 @@ Positionals:
   message  message to send                                                     [array] [default: []]
 
 Options:
-  -h, --help                          show help                                            [boolean]
-  -v, --version                       show version number                                  [boolean]
-      --print-logs                    print logs to stderr                                 [boolean]
-      --log-level                     log level [string] [choices: "DEBUG", "INFO", "WARN", "ERROR"]
-      --pure                          run without external plugins                         [boolean]
-      --command                       the command to run, use message for args              [string]
-  -c, --continue                      continue the last session                            [boolean]
-  -s, --session                       session id to continue                                [string]
-      --fork                          fork the session before continuing (requires --continue or
-                                      --session)                                           [boolean]
-      --share                         share the session                                    [boolean]
-  -m, --model                         model to use in the format of provider/model          [string]
-      --agent                         agent to use                                          [string]
-      --format                        format: default (formatted) or json (raw JSON events)
+  -h, --help         show help                                                             [boolean]
+  -v, --version      show version number                                                   [boolean]
+      --print-logs   print logs to stderr                                                  [boolean]
+      --log-level    log level                  [string] [choices: "DEBUG", "INFO", "WARN", "ERROR"]
+      --pure         run without external plugins                                          [boolean]
+      --command      the command to run, use message for args                               [string]
+  -c, --continue     continue the last session                                             [boolean]
+  -s, --session      session id to continue                                                 [string]
+      --fork         fork the session before continuing (requires --continue or --session) [boolean]
+      --share        share the session                                                     [boolean]
+  -m, --model        model to use in the format of provider/model                           [string]
+      --agent        agent to use                                                           [string]
+      --format       format: default (formatted) or json (raw JSON events)
                                           [string] [choices: "default", "json"] [default: "default"]
-  -f, --file                          file(s) to attach to message                           [array]
-      --title                         title for the session (uses truncated prompt if no value
-                                      provided)                                             [string]
-      --attach                        attach to a running opencode server (e.g.,
-                                      http://localhost:4096)                                [string]
-  -p, --password                      basic auth password (defaults to OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD)
+  -f, --file         file(s) to attach to message                                            [array]
+      --title        title for the session (uses truncated prompt if no value provided)     [string]
+      --attach       attach to a running opencode server (e.g., http://localhost:4096)      [string]
+  -p, --password     basic auth password (defaults to OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD)             [string]
+  -u, --username     basic auth username (defaults to OPENCODE_SERVER_USERNAME or 'opencode')
                                                                                             [string]
-  -u, --username                      basic auth username (defaults to OPENCODE_SERVER_USERNAME or
-                                      'opencode')                                           [string]
-      --dir                           directory to run in, path on remote server if attaching
+      --dir          directory to run in, path on remote server if attaching                [string]
+      --port         port for the local server (defaults to random port if no value provided)
+                                                                                            [number]
+      --variant      model variant (provider-specific reasoning effort, e.g., high, max, minimal)
                                                                                             [string]
-      --port                          port for the local server (defaults to random port if no value
-                                      provided)                                             [number]
-      --variant                       model variant (provider-specific reasoning effort, e.g., high,
-                                      max, minimal)                                         [string]
-      --thinking                      show thinking blocks                                 [boolean]
-      --dangerously-skip-permissions  auto-approve permissions that are not explicitly denied
-                                      (dangerous!)                        [boolean] [default: false]"
+      --thinking     show thinking blocks                                                  [boolean]
+  -i, --interactive  run in direct interactive split-footer mode          [boolean] [default: false]
+      --auto         auto-approve permissions that are not explicitly denied (dangerous!)
+                                                                          [boolean] [default: false]"
 `;
 
 exports[`opencode CLI help-text snapshots every documented command emits stable help text: opencode debug --help 1`] = `

packages/opencode/test/cli/run/variant.shared.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import path from "path"
 import { NodeFileSystem } from "@effect/platform-node"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect, FileSystem, Layer } from "effect"
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ function userMessage(
   }
 }
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(FSUtil.defaultLayer, NodeFileSystem.layer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node), NodeFileSystem.layer))
 
 function remap(root: string, file: string) {
   if (file === Global.Path.state) {
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ function remappedFs(root: string) {
         writeJson: (file, data, mode) => fs.writeJson(remap(root, file), data, mode),
       })
     }),
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer))
+  ).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node)))
 }
 
 describe("run variant shared", () => {

packages/opencode/test/config/agent-color.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { Agent as AgentSvc } from "../../src/agent/agent"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Config.defaultLayer, AgentSvc.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Config.node, AgentSvc.node])))
 
 it.instance(
   "agent color parsed from project config",

packages/opencode/test/config/config.test.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 import { test, expect, describe, afterEach, beforeEach, spyOn } from "bun:test"
 import { ConfigV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/config/config"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { httpClient } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-platform"
 import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Layer, Option } from "effect"
 import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/error"
 import { FetchHttpClient, HttpClient, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
-import { NodeFileSystem, NodePath } from "@effect/platform-node"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { ConfigManaged } from "@/config/managed"
 import { ConfigParse } from "../../src/config/parse"
-import { EffectFlock } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/effect-flock"
+import { Npm } from "@opencode-ai/core/npm"
 
 import { InstanceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
 import type { InstanceContext } from "../../src/project/instance-context"
@@ -41,13 +42,6 @@ import { AccountTest } from "../fake/account"
 import { AuthTest } from "../fake/auth"
 import { NpmTest } from "../fake/npm"
 
-/** Infra layer that provides FileSystem, Path, ChildProcessSpawner for test fixtures */
-const infra = CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer.pipe(
-  Layer.provideMerge(Layer.mergeAll(NodeFileSystem.layer, NodePath.layer)),
-)
-
-const testFlock = EffectFlock.defaultLayer
-
 const unexpectedHttp = HttpClient.make((request) =>
   Effect.die(`unexpected http request: ${request.method} ${request.url}`),
 )
@@ -104,16 +98,12 @@ const configLayer = (
     client?: HttpClient.HttpClient
   } = {},
 ) =>
-  Config.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(testFlock),
-    Layer.provide(Env.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(options.auth ?? AuthTest.empty),
-    Layer.provide(options.account ?? AccountTest.empty),
-    Layer.provideMerge(infra),
-    Layer.provide(NpmTest.noop),
-    Layer.provide(Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, options.client ?? unexpectedHttp)),
-    Layer.provideMerge(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-  )
+  LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Config.node, FSUtil.node, Env.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]), [
+    [Auth.node, options.auth ?? AuthTest.empty],
+    [Account.node, options.account ?? AccountTest.empty],
+    [Npm.node, NpmTest.noop],
+    [httpClient, Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, options.client ?? unexpectedHttp)],
+  ])
 
 const layer = configLayer()
 
@@ -171,7 +161,7 @@ const withInstanceDir = <A, E, R>(dir: string, effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) =
     Effect.provideService(TestInstance, { directory: dir }),
     provideInstanceEffect(dir),
     Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer),
-    Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
+    Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)),
   )
 
 const withGlobalConfigDir = <A, E, R>(dir: string, effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) =>
@@ -325,7 +315,7 @@ it.effect("creates global jsonc config with schema when no global configs exist"
 
       const content = yield* FSUtil.use.readFileString(path.join(dir, "opencode.jsonc"))
       expect(content).toContain('"$schema": "https://opencode.ai/config.json"')
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)),
+    }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))),
   ),
 )
 
@@ -340,7 +330,7 @@ it.effect("does not create global config when OPENCODE_CONFIG_DIR is set", () =>
           yield* Config.use.get().pipe(provideInstanceEffect(dir))
 
           expect(yield* FSUtil.use.existsSafe(path.join(dir, "opencode.jsonc"))).toBe(false)
-        }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)),
+        }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))),
       ),
     )
   }),
@@ -930,7 +920,7 @@ it.effect("does not try to install dependencies in read-only OPENCODE_CONFIG_DIR
     yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() => FSUtil.use.chmod(readonly, 0o755).pipe(Effect.ignore))
 
     yield* withProcessEnv("OPENCODE_CONFIG_DIR", readonly, Config.use.get().pipe(provideInstanceEffect(dir)))
-  }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)),
+  }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))),
 )
 
 it.effect("installs dependencies in writable OPENCODE_CONFIG_DIR", () =>
@@ -948,7 +938,7 @@ it.effect("installs dependencies in writable OPENCODE_CONFIG_DIR", () =>
     )
 
     expect(yield* FSUtil.use.readFileString(path.join(configDir, ".gitignore"))).toContain("package-lock.json")
-  }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)),
+  }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))),
 )
 
 // Note: deduplication and serialization of npm installs is now handled by the
@@ -1533,16 +1523,12 @@ test("remote well-known config can use FetchHttpClient layer", async () => {
       Effect.scoped,
       Effect.provide(
         Layer.mergeAll(
-          Config.layer.pipe(
-            Layer.provide(testFlock),
-            Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-            Layer.provide(Env.defaultLayer),
-            Layer.provide(wellKnownAuth(server.url.origin)),
-            Layer.provide(AccountTest.empty),
-            Layer.provideMerge(infra),
-            Layer.provide(NpmTest.noop),
-            Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-          ),
+          LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Config.node, FSUtil.node, Env.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]), [
+            [Auth.node, wellKnownAuth(server.url.origin)],
+            [Account.node, AccountTest.empty],
+            [Npm.node, NpmTest.noop],
+            [httpClient, FetchHttpClient.layer],
+          ]),
           testInstanceStoreLayer,
         ),
       ),

packages/opencode/test/config/tui.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ import { TuiConfig } from "../../src/config/tui"
 import { TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Config.defaultLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Config.node, FSUtil.node])))
 const winIt = process.platform === "win32" ? it.instance : it.instance.skip
 
 const globalConfigFiles = ["opencode.json", "opencode.jsonc", "tui.json", "tui.jsonc"].map((file) =>
@@ -69,12 +71,16 @@ const withPlatform = <A, E, R>(platform: typeof process.platform, self: Effect.E
 
 const getTuiConfig = (directory: string) =>
   TuiConfig.Service.use((svc) => svc.get()).pipe(
-    Effect.provide(TuiConfig.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(Layer.succeed(CurrentWorkingDirectory, directory)))),
+    Effect.provide(
+      AppNodeBuilder.build(TuiConfig.node).pipe(Layer.provide(Layer.succeed(CurrentWorkingDirectory, directory))),
+    ),
   )
 
 const getTuiPluginOrigins = (directory: string) =>
   TuiConfig.Service.use((svc) => svc.pluginOrigins()).pipe(
-    Effect.provide(TuiConfig.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(Layer.succeed(CurrentWorkingDirectory, directory)))),
+    Effect.provide(
+      AppNodeBuilder.build(TuiConfig.node).pipe(Layer.provide(Layer.succeed(CurrentWorkingDirectory, directory))),
+    ),
   )
 
 it.instance("keeps server and tui plugin merge semantics aligned", () =>

packages/opencode/test/control-plane/workspace.test.ts

@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@ import Http from "node:http"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { NodeHttpServer } from "@effect/platform-node"
 import { Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer, Schema } from "effect"
-import { FetchHttpClient, HttpServer, HttpServerRequest, HttpServerResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
+import { HttpServer, HttpServerRequest, HttpServerResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { GlobalBus, type GlobalEvent } from "@/bus/global"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { ProjectV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/project"
@@ -16,6 +15,7 @@ import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
 import { SessionID } from "@/session/schema"
 import { SessionTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/sql"
+import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 import { EventSequenceTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/event/sql"
 import { resetDatabase } from "../fixture/db"
 import { disposeAllInstances, provideTmpdirInstance, requireInstance, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
@@ -27,13 +27,10 @@ import type { Target, WorkspaceAdapter, WorkspaceInfo } from "../../src/control-
 import * as Workspace from "../../src/control-plane/workspace"
 import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
 import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
-import { Auth } from "@/auth"
-import { SessionPrompt } from "@/session/prompt"
-import { Project } from "@/project/project"
-import { Vcs } from "@/project/vcs"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
-import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 
 const originalEnv = {
   OPENCODE_AUTH_CONTENT: process.env.OPENCODE_AUTH_CONTENT,
@@ -44,26 +41,27 @@ const originalEnv = {
 }
 
 const workspaceLayer = (experimentalWorkspaces: boolean) =>
-  Workspace.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(SessionNs.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(SessionPrompt.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Project.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Vcs.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces })),
-    Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer))),
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(
+    LayerNode.group([
+      Workspace.node,
+      SessionNs.node,
+      SessionProjector.node,
+      Database.node,
+      InstanceStore.node,
+      Ripgrep.node,
+    ]),
+    [
+      [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces })],
+      [
+        InstanceStore.bootstrapNode,
+        Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void })),
+      ],
+    ],
   )
 
 const testServerLayer = Layer.mergeAll(
   NodeHttpServer.layer(Http.createServer, { host: "127.0.0.1", port: 0 }),
   workspaceLayer(true),
-  SessionNs.defaultLayer,
-  Database.defaultLayer,
 )
 const it = testEffect(testServerLayer)
 

packages/opencode/test/effect/app-runtime-logger.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Context, Deferred, Effect, Fiber, Layer, Logger } from "effect"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { AppLayer } from "../../src/effect/app-runtime"
@@ -9,7 +10,8 @@ import { attach } from "../../src/effect/run-service"
 import { TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)
+const observabilityLayer = LayerNode.compile(Observability.node)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))
 
 function check(loggers: ReadonlySet<Logger.Logger<unknown, any>>) {
   return {
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ it.live("makeRuntime installs the observability logger", () =>
     )
 
     const current = yield* Dummy.use((svc) => svc.current()).pipe(
-      Effect.provide(Layer.provideMerge(layer, Observability.layer)),
+      Effect.provide(Layer.provideMerge(layer, observabilityLayer)),
     )
 
     expect(current.size).toBeGreaterThan(0)
@@ -94,6 +96,6 @@ it.instance(
 
       expect(result.directory).toBe(test.directory)
       expect(result.size).toBeGreaterThan(0)
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(Observability.layer)),
+    }).pipe(Effect.provide(observabilityLayer)),
   { git: true },
 )

packages/opencode/test/effect/config-service.test.ts

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ class TestConfig extends ConfigService.Service<TestConfig>()("@test/ConfigServic
 }) {}
 
 const fromConfig = (input: Record<string, unknown>) =>
-  TestConfig.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(ConfigProvider.layer(ConfigProvider.fromUnknown(input))))
+  TestConfig.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(ConfigProvider.layer(ConfigProvider.fromUnknown(input))))
 
 const readConfig = TestConfig.useSync((config) => config)
 
 describe("ConfigService", () => {
-  it.effect("defaultLayer parses values from the active ConfigProvider", () =>
+  it.effect("layer parses values from the active ConfigProvider", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const config = yield* readConfig.pipe(
         Effect.provide(
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ describe("ConfigService", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("defaultLayer applies Effect Config defaults", () =>
+  it.effect("layer applies Effect Config defaults", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const config = yield* readConfig.pipe(Effect.provide(fromConfig({ NAME: "kit" })))
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe("ConfigService", () => {
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const config = yield* readConfig.pipe(
         Effect.provide(
-          TestConfig.layer({
+          TestConfig.configLayer({
             name: "direct",
             token: Option.some("parsed"),
             port: 9000,

packages/opencode/test/effect/instance-state.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { $ } from "bun"
 import { Context, Deferred, Duration, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
 import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ import {
 } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, testInstanceStoreLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node), testInstanceStoreLayer))
 
 const access = <A, E>(state: InstanceState.InstanceState<A, E>, dir: string) =>
   InstanceState.get(state).pipe(provideInstanceEffect(dir))

packages/opencode/test/effect/runtime-flags.test.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { ConfigProvider, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "../../src/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { it } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const fromConfig = (input: Record<string, unknown>) =>
-  RuntimeFlags.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(ConfigProvider.layer(ConfigProvider.fromUnknown(input))))
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(RuntimeFlags.node).pipe(Layer.provide(ConfigProvider.layer(ConfigProvider.fromUnknown(input))))
 
 const readFlags = RuntimeFlags.Service.useSync((flags) => flags)
 
 describe("RuntimeFlags", () => {
-  it.effect("defaultLayer defaults autoShare to false", () =>
+  it.effect("layer defaults autoShare to false", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const flags = yield* readFlags.pipe(Effect.provide(fromConfig({})))
 
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ describe("RuntimeFlags", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("defaultLayer parses plugin flags from the active ConfigProvider", () =>
+  it.effect("layer parses plugin flags from the active ConfigProvider", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const flags = yield* readFlags.pipe(
         Effect.provide(
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ describe("RuntimeFlags", () => {
     }),
   )
 
-  it.effect("defaultLayer parses OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_LSP_TY", () =>
+  it.effect("layer parses OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_LSP_TY", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const flags = yield* readFlags.pipe(
         Effect.provide(

packages/opencode/test/filesystem/filesystem.test.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 import { describe, test, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { NodeFileSystem } from "@effect/platform-node"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import path from "path"
 
-const live = FSUtil.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(NodeFileSystem.layer))
-const { effect: it } = testEffect(live)
+const { effect: it } = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node))
 
 describe("FSUtil", () => {
   describe("isDir", () => {

packages/opencode/test/fixture/fixture.ts

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ import { Effect, Context, Layer } from "effect"
 import type * as PlatformError from "effect/PlatformError"
 import type * as Scope from "effect/Scope"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import type { Config } from "@/config/config"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { InstanceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
 import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap-service"
 import type { InstanceContext } from "../../src/project/instance-context"
@@ -17,7 +19,9 @@ import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { TestLLMServer } from "../lib/llm-server"
 
 const noopBootstrap = Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }))
-export const testInstanceStoreLayer = InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(noopBootstrap))
+export const testInstanceStoreLayer = LayerNode.compile(InstanceStore.node, [
+  [InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrap],
+])
 
 export async function provideTestInstance<R>(input: {
   directory: string
@@ -204,7 +208,7 @@ export const withTmpdirInstance =
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const directory = yield* tmpdirScoped(options)
       return yield* self.pipe(Effect.provideService(TestInstance, { directory }), provideInstanceEffect(directory))
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+    }).pipe(Effect.provide(testInstanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
 
 export function provideTmpdirServer<A, E, R>(
   self: (input: { dir: string; llm: TestLLMServer["Service"] }) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,

packages/opencode/test/fixture/workspace.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { FetchHttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
-import { Layer } from "effect"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { Auth } from "../../src/auth"
@@ -14,17 +14,21 @@ import { SessionPrompt } from "../../src/session/prompt"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "../../src/event-v2-bridge"
 
 export const workspaceLayerWithRuntimeFlags = (overrides: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info>) =>
-  Workspace.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Session.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(SessionPrompt.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Project.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Vcs.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer(overrides)),
-    Layer.provide(InstanceStore.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer),
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(
+    LayerNode.group([
+      Workspace.node,
+      Auth.node,
+      Session.node,
+      SessionPrompt.node,
+      Project.node,
+      Vcs.node,
+      Database.node,
+      EventV2Bridge.node,
+      FSUtil.node,
+      InstanceStore.node,
+    ]),
+    [
+      [InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, InstanceBootstrap.node],
+      [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer(overrides)],
+    ],
   )

packages/opencode/test/format/format.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { NodeFileSystem } from "@effect/platform-node"
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { provideTmpdirInstance, testInstanceStoreLayer, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
@@ -7,7 +8,9 @@ import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { Format } from "../../src/format"
 import * as Formatter from "../../src/format/formatter"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Format.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, NodeFileSystem.layer))
+const it = testEffect(
+  Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Format.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])), NodeFileSystem.layer),
+)
 
 describe("Format", () => {
   it.instance("status() returns empty list when no formatters are configured", () =>
@@ -106,7 +109,11 @@ describe("Format", () => {
   )
 
   testEffect(
-    Layer.mergeAll(Format.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, NodeFileSystem.layer, testInstanceStoreLayer),
+    Layer.mergeAll(
+      LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Format.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])),
+      NodeFileSystem.layer,
+      testInstanceStoreLayer,
+    ),
   ).live("status() initializes formatter state per directory", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const a = yield* provideTmpdirInstance(() => Format.use.status(), {

packages/opencode/test/image/image.test.ts

@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Cause, Effect, Exit } from "effect"
 import { Image } from "@/image/image"
+import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { MessageID, PartID, SessionID } from "@/session/schema"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { TestConfig } from "../fixture/config"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Image.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(TestConfig.layer()))))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Image.node, [[Config.node, TestConfig.layer()]]))
 const tiny = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    Image.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(
-        TestConfig.layer({ get: () => Effect.succeed({ attachment: { image: { max_base64_bytes: 1 } } }) }),
-      ),
-    ),
-  ),
+  LayerNode.compile(Image.node, [
+    [Config.node, TestConfig.layer({ get: () => Effect.succeed({ attachment: { image: { max_base64_bytes: 1 } } }) })],
+  ]),
 )
 
 function part(mime: string, data: string) {

packages/opencode/test/installation/installation.test.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { httpClient } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-platform"
 import { Effect, Layer, Stream } from "effect"
 import { HttpClient, HttpClientRequest, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import { Installation } from "../../src/installation"
 import { InstallationChannel } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
-import { AppProcess } from "@opencode-ai/core/process"
+import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const encoder = new TextEncoder()
@@ -52,8 +55,15 @@ function testLayer(
   httpHandler: (request: HttpClientRequest.HttpClientRequest) => Response,
   spawnHandler?: (cmd: string, args: readonly string[]) => string | { code: number; stdout?: string; stderr?: string },
 ) {
-  const appProcess = AppProcess.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(mockSpawner(spawnHandler)))
-  return Installation.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(mockHttpClient(httpHandler)), Layer.provide(appProcess))
+  const spawnerNode = makeGlobalNode({
+    service: ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner,
+    layer: mockSpawner(spawnHandler),
+    deps: [],
+  })
+  return LayerNode.compile(Installation.node, [
+    [httpClient, mockHttpClient(httpHandler)],
+    [CrossSpawnSpawner.node, spawnerNode],
+  ])
 }
 
 describe("installation", () => {

packages/opencode/test/job.test.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Fiber } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { SessionSchema } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/schema"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Job.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Job.node))
 
 describe("job", () => {
   it.instance("tracks started jobs through completion", () =>

packages/opencode/test/lib/cli-process.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 // different return shape — see the TODO at the bottom of OpencodeCli.
 import { test, type TestOptions } from "bun:test"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { AppProcess } from "@opencode-ai/core/process"
 import { Deferred, Duration, Effect, Layer, Queue, Schedule, Scope, Stream } from "effect"
 import { FetchHttpClient, HttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
@@ -469,7 +471,11 @@ export function withCliFixture<A, E>(
     // and hit endpoints on `opencode.serve()` without rolling their own fetch.
   }).pipe(
     Effect.provide(
-      Layer.mergeAll(TestLLMServer.layer, FetchHttpClient.layer, FSUtil.defaultLayer, AppProcess.defaultLayer),
+      Layer.mergeAll(
+        TestLLMServer.layer,
+        FetchHttpClient.layer,
+        AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([FSUtil.node, AppProcess.node])),
+      ),
     ),
   )
 }

packages/opencode/test/lsp/index.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, spyOn } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
@@ -11,19 +12,17 @@ import { TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { awaitWithTimeout, testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const lspLayer = (flags: Parameters<typeof RuntimeFlags.layer>[0] = {}) =>
-  LSP.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)),
-    Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-  )
+  LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([LSP.node, Config.node, RuntimeFlags.node, EventV2Bridge.node]), [
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)],
+  ])
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(lspLayer(), CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(lspLayer(), LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
 const experimentalTyIt = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(lspLayer({ experimentalLspTy: true }), CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
+  Layer.mergeAll(lspLayer({ experimentalLspTy: true }), LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)),
 )
 const fakeServerPath = path.join(__dirname, "../fixture/lsp/fake-lsp-server.js")
 const disabledDownloadIt = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(lspLayer({ disableLspDownload: true }), CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
+  Layer.mergeAll(lspLayer({ disableLspDownload: true }), LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)),
 )
 
 describe("lsp.spawn", () => {

packages/opencode/test/lsp/lifecycle.test.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, spyOn, test } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { LSP } from "@/lsp/lsp"
 import * as LSPServer from "@/lsp/server"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LSP.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LSP.node))
 
 describe("LSP service lifecycle", () => {
   let spawnSpy: ReturnType<typeof spyOn>

packages/opencode/test/mcp/auth.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import { setTimeout as sleep } from "node:timers/promises"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
-import { EffectFlock } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/effect-flock"
 import { McpAuth } from "../../src/mcp/auth"
 
 function authFile() {
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ function authFile() {
   let activeWrites = 0
   let sawOverlap = false
 
-  const layer = Layer.effect(
+  const fsLayer = Layer.effect(
     FSUtil.Service,
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ function authFile() {
             : fs.writeJson(file, value, mode),
       })
     }),
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer))
+  ).pipe(Layer.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(FSUtil.node)))
 
-  return { layer, raw: () => raw }
+  return { fsLayer, raw: () => raw }
 }
 
-function authService(layer: Layer.Layer<FSUtil.Service>) {
+function authService(fsLayer: Layer.Layer<FSUtil.Service>) {
   return McpAuth.Service.use((auth) => Effect.succeed(auth)).pipe(
-    Effect.provide(McpAuth.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(EffectFlock.defaultLayer), Layer.provide(layer))),
+    Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(McpAuth.node, [[FSUtil.node, fsLayer]])),
   )
 }
 
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ test("serializes concurrent auth file updates across service instances", async (
 
   await Effect.runPromise(
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const first = yield* authService(file.layer)
-      const second = yield* authService(file.layer)
+      const first = yield* authService(file.fsLayer)
+      const second = yield* authService(file.fsLayer)
 
       yield* Effect.all(
         [

packages/opencode/test/mcp/catalog.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import type { Client } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js"
+import { McpCatalog } from "@/mcp/catalog"
+
+const options = { toolCallId: "call_mcp", abortSignal: new AbortController().signal } as any
+
+function clientReturning(result: unknown) {
+  return {
+    callTool: async () => result,
+  } as unknown as Client
+}
+
+function mcpTool() {
+  return {
+    name: "screenshot",
+    description: "Take a screenshot",
+    inputSchema: {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {},
+      additionalProperties: false,
+    },
+  } as any
+}
+
+describe("McpCatalog.convertTool", () => {
+  test("preserves content when structuredContent is also present", async () => {
+    const content = [{ type: "image" as const, mimeType: "image/png", data: "AAAA" }]
+    const structuredContent = { image: { mimeType: "image/png", data: "AAAA" } }
+    const converted = McpCatalog.convertTool(mcpTool(), clientReturning({ content, structuredContent }))
+
+    const output = await converted.execute?.({}, options)
+
+    expect(output).toMatchObject({ content, structuredContent })
+  })
+
+  test("falls back to structuredContent only when content is absent", async () => {
+    const structuredContent = { results: [{ title: "one" }] }
+    const converted = McpCatalog.convertTool(mcpTool(), clientReturning({ content: [], structuredContent }))
+
+    const output = await converted.execute?.({}, options)
+
+    expect(output).toMatchObject({
+      structuredContent,
+      content: [{ type: "text", text: JSON.stringify(structuredContent) }],
+    })
+  })
+})

packages/opencode/test/mcp/headers.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect, mock, beforeEach } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 
 // Import MCP after mocking
 const { MCP } = await import("../../src/mcp/index")
-const it = testEffect(MCP.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(MCP.node))
 
 describe("mcp.headers", () => {
   it.instance("headers are passed to transports when oauth is enabled (default)", () =>

packages/opencode/test/mcp/lifecycle.test.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import path from "node:path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url"
 import { expect, mock, beforeEach } from "bun:test"
 import { ListRootsRequestSchema, ToolListChangedNotificationSchema } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Cause, Effect, Exit } from "effect"
 import type { MCP as MCPNS } from "../../src/mcp/index"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 const { MCP } = await import("../../src/mcp/index")
 const { McpOAuthCallback } = await import("../../src/mcp/oauth-callback")
 
-const it = testEffect(MCP.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(MCP.node))
 
 function statusName(status: Record<string, MCPNS.Status> | MCPNS.Status, server: string) {
   if ("status" in status) return status.status

packages/opencode/test/mcp/oauth-auto-connect.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { expect, mock, beforeEach } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
@@ -155,15 +156,8 @@ const { FSUtil } = await import("@opencode-ai/core/fs-util")
 const { CrossSpawnSpawner } = await import("@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner")
 
 const mcpTest = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    MCP.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(McpAuth.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    ),
-    McpAuth.defaultLayer,
+  LayerNode.compile(
+    LayerNode.group([MCP.node, McpAuth.node, EventV2Bridge.node, Config.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node, FSUtil.node]),
   ),
 )
 

packages/opencode/test/mcp/oauth-browser.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { expect, mock, beforeEach } from "bun:test"
 import { EventEmitter } from "events"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Layer, Option } from "effect"
 import { awaitWithTimeout, testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import type { MCP as MCPNS } from "../../src/mcp/index"
@@ -122,12 +123,8 @@ const { McpOAuthCallback } = await import("../../src/mcp/oauth-callback")
 const { FSUtil } = await import("@opencode-ai/core/fs-util")
 const { CrossSpawnSpawner } = await import("@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner")
 const mcpTest = testEffect(
-  MCP.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(McpAuth.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
+  LayerNode.compile(
+    LayerNode.group([MCP.node, McpAuth.node, EventV2Bridge.node, Config.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node, FSUtil.node]),
   ),
 )
 const service = MCP.Service as unknown as Effect.Effect<MCPNS.Interface, never, never>

packages/opencode/test/patch/patch.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, test, expect, beforeEach, afterEach } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import * as fs from "fs/promises"
 import * as path from "path"
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@ import { Patch } from "../../src/patch"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(FSUtil.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node))
 
 describe("Patch namespace", () => {
   let tempDir: string

packages/opencode/test/permission-task.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import { PermissionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/permission"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { describe, test, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Permission } from "../src/permission"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { testEffect } from "./lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Config.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Config.node))
 
 const load = Config.use.get()
 

packages/opencode/test/permission/next.test.ts

@@ -4,21 +4,19 @@ import os from "os"
 import { Cause, Deferred, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "../../src/event-v2-bridge"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { Permission } from "../../src/permission"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap-service"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { TestInstance, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { MessageID, SessionID } from "../../src/session/schema"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 
-const events = EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer
 const noopBootstrap = Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }))
-const env = Layer.mergeAll(
-  Permission.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer), Layer.provide(events)),
-  events,
-  CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
-  InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(noopBootstrap)),
+const env = AppNodeBuilder.build(
+  LayerNode.group([Permission.node, EventV2Bridge.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node, InstanceStore.node]),
+  [[InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrap]],
 )
 const it = testEffect(env)
 

packages/opencode/test/plugin/auth-override.test.ts

@@ -1,46 +1,40 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { provideInstance, TestInstance, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { ProviderAuth } from "@/provider/auth"
 
-import { Plugin } from "@/plugin"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
-import { Auth } from "@/auth"
-import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { TestConfig } from "../fixture/config"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
+import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([CrossSpawnSpawner.node, FSUtil.node])))
 
-function layer(directory: string, plugins: string[]) {
-  return ProviderAuth.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(
-      Plugin.layer.pipe(
-        Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-        Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer()),
-        Layer.provide(
-          TestConfig.layer({
-            get: () =>
-              Effect.succeed({
-                plugin: plugins,
-                plugin_origins: plugins.map((plugin) => ({
-                  spec: plugin,
-                  source: path.join(directory, "opencode.json"),
-                  scope: "local" as const,
-                })),
-              }),
-            directories: () => Effect.succeed([directory]),
+function providerAuthLayer(directory: string, plugins: string[]) {
+  return LayerNode.compile(ProviderAuth.node, [
+    [
+      Config.node,
+      TestConfig.layer({
+        get: () =>
+          Effect.succeed({
+            plugin: plugins,
+            plugin_origins: plugins.map((plugin) => ({
+              spec: plugin,
+              source: path.join(directory, "opencode.json"),
+              scope: "local" as const,
+            })),
           }),
-        ),
-      ),
-    ),
-  )
+        directories: () => Effect.succeed([directory]),
+      }),
+    ],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer()],
+  ])
 }
 
 describe("plugin.auth-override", () => {
@@ -73,10 +67,12 @@ describe("plugin.auth-override", () => {
 
         const plain = yield* tmpdirScoped({ git: true })
         const plugin = pathToFileURL(path.join(pluginDir, "custom-copilot-auth.ts")).href
-        const methods = yield* ProviderAuth.use.methods().pipe(Effect.provide(layer(tmp.directory, [plugin])))
+        const methods = yield* ProviderAuth.use
+          .methods()
+          .pipe(Effect.provide(providerAuthLayer(tmp.directory, [plugin])))
         const plainMethods = yield* ProviderAuth.use
           .methods()
-          .pipe(Effect.provide(layer(plain, [])), provideInstance(plain))
+          .pipe(Effect.provide(providerAuthLayer(plain, [])), provideInstance(plain))
 
         const copilot = methods[ProviderV2.ID.make("github-copilot")]
         expect(copilot).toBeDefined()

packages/opencode/test/plugin/loader-shared.test.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, spyOn } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
+import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { disposeAllInstances, provideInstance, testInstanceStoreLayer, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const { Plugin } = await import("../../src/plugin/index")
 const { PluginLoader } = await import("../../src/plugin/loader")
 const { readPackageThemes } = await import("../../src/plugin/shared")
-const { EventV2Bridge } = await import("../../src/event-v2-bridge")
 const { Npm } = await import("@opencode-ai/core/npm")
 const { TestConfig } = await import("../fixture/config")
 const { RuntimeFlags } = await import("../../src/effect/runtime-flags")
@@ -20,7 +21,9 @@ afterEach(async () => {
   await disposeAllInstances()
 })
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer, testInstanceStoreLayer))
+const it = testEffect(
+  Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([CrossSpawnSpawner.node, FSUtil.node])), testInstanceStoreLayer),
+)
 
 function withTmp<T, A, E, R>(
   init: (dir: string) => Promise<T>,
@@ -45,10 +48,9 @@ function load(dir: string, flags?: Parameters<typeof RuntimeFlags.layer>[0]) {
       yield* plugin.list()
     }).pipe(
       Effect.provide(
-        Plugin.layer.pipe(
-          Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-          Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true, ...flags })),
-          Layer.provide(
+        LayerNode.compile(Plugin.node, [
+          [
+            Config.node,
             TestConfig.layer({
               get: () =>
                 Effect.succeed({
@@ -57,8 +59,9 @@ function load(dir: string, flags?: Parameters<typeof RuntimeFlags.layer>[0]) {
                 }),
               directories: () => Effect.succeed([dir]),
             }),
-          ),
-        ),
+          ],
+          [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true, ...flags })],
+        ]),
       ),
       provideInstance(dir),
     )

packages/opencode/test/plugin/trigger.test.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { FetchHttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
-import { EffectFlock } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/effect-flock"
+import { Npm } from "@opencode-ai/core/npm"
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
-import { EventV2Bridge } from "../../src/event-v2-bridge"
-import { Config } from "../../src/config/config"
-import { Env } from "../../src/env"
+import { Account } from "../../src/account/account"
+import { Auth } from "../../src/auth"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "../../src/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { Plugin } from "../../src/plugin/index"
 
@@ -19,25 +16,16 @@ import { AuthTest } from "../fake/auth"
 import { NpmTest } from "../fake/npm"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 
-const configLayer = Config.layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(EffectFlock.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(Env.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(AuthTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(AccountTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(NpmTest.noop),
-  Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-)
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    Plugin.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(configLayer),
-      Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true })),
-    ),
-    CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
-  ),
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Plugin.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]), [
+    [Auth.node, AuthTest.empty],
+    [Account.node, AccountTest.empty],
+    [Npm.node, NpmTest.noop],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true })],
+  ]),
 )
 const systemHook = "experimental.chat.system.transform"
 

packages/opencode/test/plugin/workspace-adapter.test.ts

@@ -1,63 +1,34 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { FetchHttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
+import { Npm } from "@opencode-ai/core/npm"
 import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
-import { EffectFlock } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/effect-flock"
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
 import { Auth } from "../../src/auth"
-import { EventV2Bridge } from "../../src/event-v2-bridge"
-import { Config } from "../../src/config/config"
-import { Env } from "../../src/env"
+import { Account } from "../../src/account/account"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "../../src/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { Workspace } from "../../src/control-plane/workspace"
 import { Plugin } from "../../src/plugin/index"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap-service"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
-import { Project } from "../../src/project/project"
-import { Vcs } from "../../src/project/vcs"
 import { InstanceState } from "../../src/effect/instance-state"
-import { Session } from "../../src/session/session"
-import { SessionPrompt } from "../../src/session/prompt"
 import { disposeAllInstances, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { AccountTest } from "../fake/account"
 import { AuthTest } from "../fake/auth"
 import { NpmTest } from "../fake/npm"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 
-const configLayer = Config.layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(EffectFlock.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(Env.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(AuthTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(AccountTest.empty),
-  Layer.provide(NpmTest.noop),
-  Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-)
-const pluginLayer = Plugin.layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(configLayer),
-  Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true })),
-)
 const noopBootstrapLayer = Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }))
-const workspaceLayer = Workspace.layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(Session.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(SessionPrompt.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(Project.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(Vcs.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-  Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(noopBootstrapLayer))),
-  Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces: true })),
-)
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(pluginLayer, workspaceLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer).pipe(Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer)),
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Plugin.node, Workspace.node, InstanceStore.node, Ripgrep.node]), [
+    [Auth.node, AuthTest.empty],
+    [Account.node, AccountTest.empty],
+    [Npm.node, NpmTest.noop],
+    [InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrapLayer],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableDefaultPlugins: true, experimentalWorkspaces: true })],
+  ]),
 )
 
 afterEach(async () => {

packages/opencode/test/project/instance-bootstrap.test.ts

@@ -2,16 +2,21 @@ import { afterEach, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { existsSync } from "node:fs"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
+import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Fiber } from "effect"
 import { bootstrap as cliBootstrap } from "../../src/cli/bootstrap"
-import { InstanceLayer } from "../../src/project/instance-layer"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { disposeAllInstances, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { waitGlobalBusEvent } from "../server/global-bus"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(InstanceLayer.layer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(
+  LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([InstanceStore.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]), [
+    [InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, InstanceBootstrap.node],
+  ]),
+)
 
 // InstanceBootstrap must run before any code touches the instance —
 // originally tracked by PRs #25389 and #25449, now a permanent

packages/opencode/test/project/instance.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
 import { InstanceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
 import { registerDisposer } from "../../src/effect/instance-registry"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap-service"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
@@ -15,7 +16,9 @@ const noopBootstrap = Layer.succeed(
 )
 
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(InstanceStore.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer).pipe(Layer.provide(noopBootstrap)),
+  LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([InstanceStore.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]), [
+    [InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrap],
+  ]),
 )
 
 const setBootstrap = (run: Effect.Effect<void>) =>

packages/opencode/test/project/migrate-global.test.ts

@@ -9,11 +9,12 @@ import { ProjectV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/project"
 import { SessionID } from "../../src/session/schema"
 import { $ } from "bun"
 import { tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Project.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, Database.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Project.node, Database.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])))
 
 function legacySessionID() {
   // Global-session migration covers persisted IDs from before prefixed session IDs.

packages/opencode/test/project/project-directory.test.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { $ } from "bun"
 import path from "path"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Hash } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/hash"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ import { Project } from "@/project/project"
 import { tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Project.defaultLayer, Database.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Project.node, Database.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])))
 
 function directories(projectID: ProjectV2.ID) {
   return Database.Service.use(({ db }) =>

packages/opencode/test/project/project.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { Project } from "@/project/project"
 import { $ } from "bun"
 import path from "path"
@@ -15,19 +14,17 @@ import { SessionID } from "@/session/schema"
 import { WorkspaceV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
 import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Layer, Stream } from "effect"
 import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
-import { NodePath } from "@effect/platform-node"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
-import { AppProcess } from "@opencode-ai/core/process"
 import { ProjectV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/project"
-import { ProjectDirectories } from "@opencode-ai/core/project/directories"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 
 const encoder = new TextEncoder()
 
-const layer = Layer.mergeAll(Project.defaultLayer, Database.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)
-const it = testEffect(layer)
+const projectTestNode = LayerNode.group([Project.node, Database.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])
+const it = testEffect(AppNodeBuilder.build(projectTestNode))
 
 function remoteProjectID(remote: string) {
   return ProjectV2.ID.make(Hash.fast(`git-remote:${remote}`))
@@ -65,41 +62,37 @@ function mockGitFailure(failArg: string) {
         }),
       )
     }),
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+  ).pipe(Layer.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
 }
 
 function projectLayerWithFailure(failArg: string) {
-  return Project.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(AppProcess.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(mockGitFailure(failArg)))),
-    Layer.provide(mockGitFailure(failArg)),
-    Layer.provide(ProjectV2.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(ProjectDirectories.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(NodePath.layer),
-    Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.defaultLayer),
-  )
+  return AppNodeBuilder.build(Project.node, [
+    [ProjectV2.node, projectV2FailureLayer()],
+    [CrossSpawnSpawner.node, mockGitFailure(failArg)],
+  ])
 }
 
-function projectLayerWithRuntimeFlags(flags: Parameters<typeof RuntimeFlags.layer>[0]) {
-  return Project.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(ProjectV2.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(ProjectDirectories.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(AppProcess.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(NodePath.layer),
-    Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)),
+function projectV2FailureLayer() {
+  return Layer.succeed(
+    ProjectV2.Service,
+    ProjectV2.Service.of({
+      directories: () => Effect.succeed([]),
+      resolve: (input) =>
+        Effect.succeed({
+          id: ProjectV2.ID.global,
+          directory: input,
+          vcs: { type: "git" as const, store: input },
+        }),
+      commit: () => Effect.void,
+    }),
   )
 }
 
 const failureIt = (failArg: string) =>
-  testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(projectLayerWithFailure(failArg), CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+  testEffect(AppNodeBuilder.build(projectTestNode, [[Project.node, projectLayerWithFailure(failArg)]]))
 
 const iconDiscoveryIt = testEffect(
-  Layer.provideMerge(projectLayerWithRuntimeFlags({ experimentalIconDiscovery: true }), CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(projectTestNode, [[RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalIconDiscovery: true })]]),
 )
 
 function waitForProjectIcon(id: ProjectV2.ID, attempts = 50): Effect.Effect<Project.Info, never, Project.Service> {

packages/opencode/test/project/vcs.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
+import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { parsePatch } from "diff"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
 import {
@@ -24,10 +25,8 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const weird = process.platform === "win32" ? "space file.txt" : "tab\tfile.txt"
 
-const layer = Layer.mergeAll(
-  Vcs.layer.pipe(Layer.provideMerge(Git.defaultLayer), Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer)),
-  CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
-  FSUtil.defaultLayer,
+const layer = LayerNode.compile(
+  LayerNode.group([Vcs.node, Git.node, EventV2Bridge.node, FSUtil.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]),
 )
 const it = testEffect(layer)
 const worktreeIt = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(layer, testInstanceStoreLayer))

packages/opencode/test/project/worktree-remove.test.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@ import { $ } from "bun"
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import * as fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
+import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { Worktree } from "../../src/worktree"
 import { TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Worktree.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Worktree.node, [[InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, InstanceBootstrap.node]]))
 const wintest = process.platform === "win32" ? it.instance : it.instance.skip
 
 describe("Worktree.remove", () => {

packages/opencode/test/project/worktree.test.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,20 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { Cause, Deferred, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
+import { Cause, Deferred, Effect, Exit, Fiber } from "effect"
 import { GlobalBus, type GlobalEvent } from "../../src/bus/global"
 import { Git } from "../../src/git"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
+import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { Worktree } from "../../src/worktree"
 import { disposeAllInstances, provideInstance, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(Worktree.defaultLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, Git.defaultLayer),
+  LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Worktree.node, FSUtil.node, Git.node]), [
+    [InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, InstanceBootstrap.node],
+  ]),
 )
 const wintest = process.platform !== "win32" ? it.instance : it.instance.skip
 

packages/opencode/test/provider/amazon-bedrock.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
 import { unlink } from "fs/promises"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Provider.defaultLayer, Env.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Provider.node, Env.node])))
 
 const originalEnv = new Map<string, string | undefined>()
 

packages/opencode/test/provider/digitalocean.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Provider } from "../../src/provider/provider"
 
 import { Effect } from "effect"
@@ -6,7 +7,7 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 
 const DIGITALOCEAN = ProviderV2.ID.make("digitalocean")
-const it = testEffect(Provider.defaultLayer)
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(Provider.node))
 
 const withEnv = <A, E, R>(values: Record<string, string>, effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) =>
   Effect.acquireUseRelease(

packages/opencode/test/provider/header-timeout.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import { afterEach, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { createServer, type Server } from "node:http"
 import { streamText } from "ai"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { disposeAllInstances, provideTmpdirInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ afterEach(async () => {
 })
 
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(Provider.defaultLayer, Env.defaultLayer, Plugin.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
+  LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Provider.node, Env.node, Plugin.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])),
 )
 
 it.live("headerTimeout does not abort delayed SSE body after headers arrive", () =>

packages/opencode/test/provider/provider.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { afterEach, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import { mkdir, unlink } from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { ModelsDev } from "@opencode-ai/core/models-dev"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
@@ -16,7 +18,8 @@ import { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
 
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { Filesystem } from "@/util/filesystem"
-import { InstanceLayer } from "@/project/instance-layer"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
+import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
@@ -57,14 +60,18 @@ afterEach(async () => {
 })
 
 const providerLayer = (flags: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info> = {}) =>
-  Provider.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Env.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Plugin.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(ModelsDev.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)),
+  LayerNode.compile(
+    LayerNode.group([
+      Provider.node,
+      FSUtil.node,
+      Env.node,
+      Config.node,
+      Auth.node,
+      Plugin.node,
+      ModelsDev.node,
+      RuntimeFlags.node,
+    ]),
+    [[RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)]],
   )
 
 const list = Provider.use.list()
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@ const paid = (providers: Record<string, { models: Record<string, { cost: { input
 
 const languageBaseURL = (language: unknown) => (language as { config: { baseURL: string } }).config.baseURL
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Provider.defaultLayer, Env.defaultLayer, Plugin.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Provider.node, Env.node, Plugin.node])))
 const experimentalModels = testEffect(providerLayer({ enableExperimentalModels: true }))
 
 const alphaProviderConfig = {
@@ -1755,8 +1762,11 @@ it.instance(
 // Tests that need plugin file setup or multi-instance flows fall back to a
 // scoped tmpdir + provideInstance pattern via it.effect.
 
+const instanceStoreLayer = LayerNode.compile(InstanceStore.node, [
+  [InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, InstanceBootstrap.node],
+])
 const provideMultiInstance = <A, E, R>(eff: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) =>
-  eff.pipe(Effect.provide(InstanceLayer.layer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+  eff.pipe(Effect.provide(instanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
 
 it.effect("plugin config providers persist after instance dispose", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -1859,7 +1869,7 @@ it.effect("opencode loader keeps paid models when config apiKey is present", ()
       Provider.use
         .list()
         .pipe(provideInstanceEffect(directory))
-        .pipe(Effect.provide(InstanceLayer.layer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+        .pipe(Effect.provide(instanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
 
     const none = paid(yield* listIn(noneDir))
     const keyedCount = paid(yield* listIn(keyedDir))
@@ -1878,7 +1888,7 @@ it.effect("opencode loader keeps paid models when auth exists", () =>
       Provider.use
         .list()
         .pipe(provideInstanceEffect(directory))
-        .pipe(Effect.provide(InstanceLayer.layer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+        .pipe(Effect.provide(instanceStoreLayer), Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
 
     const none = paid(yield* listIn(noneDir))
 

packages/opencode/test/provider/transform.test.ts

@@ -613,6 +613,84 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.providerOptions", () => {
     })
   })
 
+  test("forces reasoning for custom OpenAI package models with explicit effort", () => {
+    const model = createModel({
+      providerID: "meta",
+      api: {
+        id: "muse-spark",
+        url: "https://api.ai.meta.com/v1",
+        npm: "@ai-sdk/openai",
+      },
+    })
+
+    expect(ProviderTransform.providerOptions(model, { reasoningEffort: "xhigh", reasoningSummary: "auto" })).toEqual({
+      openai: { forceReasoning: true, reasoningEffort: "xhigh", reasoningSummary: "auto" },
+    })
+  })
+
+  test("forces reasoning for OpenAI package models marked reasoning-capable", () => {
+    expect(ProviderTransform.providerOptions(createModel(), { store: false })).toEqual({
+      openai: { forceReasoning: true, store: false },
+    })
+  })
+
+  test("forces reasoning for explicit effort even when model is not marked reasoning-capable", () => {
+    const model = createModel({
+      capabilities: {
+        temperature: true,
+        reasoning: false,
+        attachment: true,
+        toolcall: true,
+        input: { text: true, audio: false, image: true, video: false, pdf: false },
+        output: { text: true, audio: false, image: false, video: false, pdf: false },
+        interleaved: false,
+      },
+    })
+
+    expect(ProviderTransform.providerOptions(model, { reasoningEffort: "xhigh" })).toEqual({
+      openai: { forceReasoning: true, reasoningEffort: "xhigh" },
+    })
+  })
+
+  test("forces reasoning for Azure OpenAI models with explicit effort", () => {
+    const model = createModel({
+      providerID: "azure",
+      api: {
+        id: "custom-gpt-5-deployment",
+        url: "https://azure.openai.example.com/openai/v1",
+        npm: "@ai-sdk/azure",
+      },
+    })
+
+    expect(ProviderTransform.providerOptions(model, { reasoningEffort: "xhigh" })).toEqual({
+      openai: { forceReasoning: true, reasoningEffort: "xhigh" },
+      azure: { forceReasoning: true, reasoningEffort: "xhigh" },
+    })
+  })
+
+  test("forces reasoning for Bedrock Mantle OpenAI models with explicit effort", () => {
+    const model = createModel({
+      providerID: "amazon-bedrock",
+      api: {
+        id: "openai.gpt-5-custom",
+        url: "https://bedrock-mantle.us-east-2.api.aws/openai/v1",
+        npm: "@ai-sdk/amazon-bedrock/mantle",
+      },
+    })
+
+    expect(ProviderTransform.providerOptions(model, { reasoningEffort: "xhigh" })).toEqual({
+      openai: { forceReasoning: true, reasoningEffort: "xhigh" },
+    })
+  })
+
+  test("overrides forceReasoning false when reasoning should be forced", () => {
+    expect(
+      ProviderTransform.providerOptions(createModel(), { forceReasoning: false, reasoningEffort: "xhigh" }),
+    ).toEqual({
+      openai: { forceReasoning: true, reasoningEffort: "xhigh" },
+    })
+  })
+
   test("uses gateway model provider slug for gateway models", () => {
     const model = createModel({
       providerID: "vercel",
@@ -707,7 +785,7 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.providerOptions", () => {
     })
 
     expect(ProviderTransform.providerOptions(model, { reasoningEffort: "medium" })).toEqual({
-      openai: { reasoningEffort: "medium" },
+      openai: { forceReasoning: true, reasoningEffort: "medium" },
     })
   })
 
@@ -2268,6 +2346,82 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.message - strip openai metadata when store=false", (
     expect(result[0].content[0].providerOptions?.openai?.reasoningEncryptedContent).toBe("encrypted")
   })
 
+  test("strips GitHub Copilot itemId from the copilot namespace, preserving other copilot options", () => {
+    const copilotModel = {
+      ...openaiModel,
+      id: "github-copilot/gpt-5.5",
+      providerID: "github-copilot",
+      api: {
+        id: "gpt-5.5",
+        url: "https://api.githubcopilot.com",
+        npm: "@ai-sdk/github-copilot",
+      },
+    }
+    const msgs = [
+      {
+        role: "assistant",
+        content: [
+          {
+            type: "reasoning",
+            text: "thinking...",
+            providerOptions: {
+              copilot: { itemId: "rs_123", reasoningEncryptedContent: "encrypted" },
+            },
+          },
+          {
+            // The stale itemId on tool-call parts is what Copilot echoes back as the
+            // `function_call` item `id`, which is what the upstream connection rejects.
+            type: "tool-call",
+            toolCallId: "call_1",
+            toolName: "bash",
+            input: { command: "ls" },
+            providerOptions: {
+              copilot: { itemId: "fc_456", reasoningEffort: "medium" },
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    ] as any[]
+
+    const result = ProviderTransform.message(msgs, copilotModel, { store: false }) as any[]
+
+    expect(result[0].content[0].providerOptions?.copilot?.itemId).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result[0].content[0].providerOptions?.copilot?.reasoningEncryptedContent).toBe("encrypted")
+    expect(result[0].content[1].providerOptions?.copilot?.itemId).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(result[0].content[1].providerOptions?.copilot?.reasoningEffort).toBe("medium")
+  })
+
+  test("leaves a stray openai namespace on a Copilot model untouched, since Copilot's Responses model only reads the copilot namespace", () => {
+    const copilotModel = {
+      ...openaiModel,
+      id: "github-copilot/gpt-5.5",
+      providerID: "github-copilot",
+      api: {
+        id: "gpt-5.5",
+        url: "https://api.githubcopilot.com",
+        npm: "@ai-sdk/github-copilot",
+      },
+    }
+    const msgs = [
+      {
+        role: "assistant",
+        content: [
+          {
+            type: "text",
+            text: "Hello",
+            providerOptions: {
+              openai: { itemId: "msg_456" },
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    ] as any[]
+
+    const result = ProviderTransform.message(msgs, copilotModel, { store: false }) as any[]
+
+    expect(result[0].content[0].providerOptions?.openai?.itemId).toBe("msg_456")
+  })
+
   test("preserves metadata for openai package when store is true", () => {
     const msgs = [
       {
@@ -3290,6 +3444,27 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.variants", () => {
       })
     })
 
+    test("anthropic sonnet 5 returns adaptive thinking options with xhigh", () => {
+      const model = createMockModel({
+        id: "anthropic/claude-sonnet-5",
+        providerID: "gateway",
+        api: {
+          id: "anthropic/claude-sonnet-5",
+          url: "https://gateway.ai",
+          npm: "@ai-sdk/gateway",
+        },
+      })
+      const result = ProviderTransform.variants(model)
+      expect(Object.keys(result)).toEqual(["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"])
+      expect(result.high).toEqual({
+        thinking: {
+          type: "adaptive",
+          display: "summarized",
+        },
+        effort: "high",
+      })
+    })
+
     test("anthropic opus 4.6 omits display so it keeps the summarized default", () => {
       const model = createMockModel({
         id: "anthropic/claude-opus-4-6",
@@ -3877,6 +4052,12 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.variants", () => {
         efforts: ["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"],
         expectedHigh: { thinking: { type: "adaptive", display: "summarized" }, effort: "high" },
       },
+      {
+        name: "sonnet 5",
+        apiIds: ["claude-sonnet-5", "claude-sonnet-5-20260630"],
+        efforts: ["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"],
+        expectedHigh: { thinking: { type: "adaptive", display: "summarized" }, effort: "high" },
+      },
       {
         name: "fable 5",
         apiIds: ["claude-fable-5"],
@@ -3974,6 +4155,28 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.variants", () => {
         effort: "high",
       })
     })
+
+    test("sonnet 5 uses adaptive reasoning for Vertex model IDs", () => {
+      const result = ProviderTransform.variants(
+        createMockModel({
+          id: "google-vertex-anthropic/claude-sonnet-5@default",
+          providerID: "google-vertex-anthropic",
+          api: {
+            id: "claude-sonnet-5@default",
+            url: "https://us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com",
+            npm: "@ai-sdk/google-vertex/anthropic",
+          },
+        }),
+      )
+      expect(Object.keys(result)).toEqual(["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"])
+      expect(result.high).toEqual({
+        thinking: {
+          type: "adaptive",
+          display: "summarized",
+        },
+        effort: "high",
+      })
+    })
   })
 
   describe("@ai-sdk/amazon-bedrock", () => {
@@ -4047,6 +4250,28 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.variants", () => {
       })
     })
 
+    test("anthropic sonnet 5 returns adaptive reasoning options with xhigh", () => {
+      const result = ProviderTransform.variants(
+        createMockModel({
+          id: "bedrock/anthropic-claude-sonnet-5",
+          providerID: "bedrock",
+          api: {
+            id: "anthropic.claude-sonnet-5",
+            url: "https://bedrock.amazonaws.com",
+            npm: "@ai-sdk/amazon-bedrock",
+          },
+        }),
+      )
+      expect(Object.keys(result)).toEqual(["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"])
+      expect(result.high).toEqual({
+        reasoningConfig: {
+          type: "adaptive",
+          maxReasoningEffort: "high",
+          display: "summarized",
+        },
+      })
+    })
+
     test("returns WIDELY_SUPPORTED_EFFORTS with reasoningConfig", () => {
       const model = createMockModel({
         id: "bedrock/llama-4",
@@ -4229,6 +4454,12 @@ describe("ProviderTransform.variants", () => {
         efforts: ["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"],
         thinking: { type: "adaptive", display: "summarized" },
       },
+      {
+        name: "sonnet 5",
+        apiIds: ["anthropic--claude-sonnet-5", "anthropic--claude-5-sonnet"],
+        efforts: ["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"],
+        thinking: { type: "adaptive", display: "summarized" },
+      },
     ]) {
       for (const apiId of testCase.apiIds) {
         test(`${testCase.name} ${apiId} returns adaptive thinking variants under modelParams`, () => {

packages/opencode/test/question/question.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer, Queue } from "effect"
 import { Question } from "../../src/question"
 import { InstanceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
@@ -10,16 +11,9 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "../../src/event-v2-bridge"
 
-const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(Question.layer.pipe(Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer)), CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
-)
-const lifecycle = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    Question.layer.pipe(Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer)),
-    CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
-    testInstanceStoreLayer,
-  ),
-)
+const questionLayer = LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Question.node, EventV2Bridge.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]))
+const it = testEffect(questionLayer)
+const lifecycle = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(questionLayer, testInstanceStoreLayer))
 
 const askEffect = Effect.fn("QuestionTest.ask")(function* (input: {
   sessionID: SessionID

packages/opencode/test/server/global-session-list.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { Project } from "@/project/project"
 import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
@@ -6,7 +8,9 @@ import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { provideInstance, TestInstance, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(SessionNs.defaultLayer, Project.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(
+  LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([SessionNs.node, SessionProjector.node, Project.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])),
+)
 
 const withSession = (input?: Parameters<SessionNs.Interface["create"]>[0]) =>
   Effect.acquireRelease(SessionNs.use.create(input), (created) =>

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-authorization.test.ts

@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ const v2ApiLayer = HttpRouter.serve(
   { disableListenLog: true, disableLogger: true },
 ).pipe(Layer.provideMerge(NodeHttpServer.layerTest))
 
-const noAuthLayer = ServerAuth.Config.layer({ password: Option.none(), username: "opencode" })
-const secretLayer = ServerAuth.Config.layer({ password: Option.some("secret"), username: "opencode" })
-const kitSecretLayer = ServerAuth.Config.layer({ password: Option.some("secret"), username: "kit" })
+const noAuthLayer = ServerAuth.Config.configLayer({ password: Option.none(), username: "opencode" })
+const secretLayer = ServerAuth.Config.configLayer({ password: Option.some("secret"), username: "opencode" })
+const kitSecretLayer = ServerAuth.Config.configLayer({ password: Option.some("secret"), username: "kit" })
 
 const it = testEffect(apiLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(noAuthLayer)))
 const itSecret = testEffect(apiLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(secretLayer)))

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-control-plane.test.ts

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const apiLayer = HttpRouter.serve(
       moveSession: (value) => Ref.set(called, value),
     }),
   ),
-  Layer.provide(ServerAuth.Config.layer({ password: Option.none(), username: "opencode" })),
+  Layer.provide(ServerAuth.Config.configLayer({ password: Option.none(), username: "opencode" })),
 )
 const it = testEffect(apiLayer)
 

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-experimental.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
 import { HttpClient, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ import { disposeAllInstances, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Session.defaultLayer, Database.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Session.node, Database.node])), httpApiLayer))
 const testWorktreeMutations = process.platform === "win32" ? it.instance.skip : it.instance
 
 function request(path: string, directory: string, init: RequestInit = {}) {

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-global.test.ts

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ const apiLayer = HttpRouter.serve(
       upgrade: () => Effect.void,
     }),
   ),
-  Layer.provide(ServerAuth.Config.layer({ password: Option.none(), username: "opencode" })),
+  Layer.provide(ServerAuth.Config.configLayer({ password: Option.none(), username: "opencode" })),
 )
 const it = testEffect(apiLayer)
 

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-instance-context.test.ts

@@ -8,11 +8,9 @@ import { mkdir } from "node:fs/promises"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { registerAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/adapters"
 import { WorkspaceV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
-import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
 import type { WorkspaceAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/types"
 import { Workspace } from "../../src/control-plane/workspace"
 import { InstanceRef, WorkspaceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
-import { InstanceLayer } from "../../src/project/instance-layer"
 import { Project } from "../../src/project/project"
 import { Session } from "../../src/session/session"
 import { disposeMiddleware, markInstanceForDisposal } from "../../src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/lifecycle"
@@ -46,16 +44,7 @@ const testStateLayer = Layer.effectDiscard(
 
 const workspaceLayer = workspaceLayerWithRuntimeFlags({ experimentalWorkspaces: true })
 
-const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    testStateLayer,
-    NodeHttpServer.layerTest,
-    NodeServices.layer,
-    InstanceLayer.layer,
-    Project.defaultLayer,
-    workspaceLayer,
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer)),
-)
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(testStateLayer, NodeHttpServer.layerTest, NodeServices.layer, workspaceLayer))
 
 const instanceContextTestLayer = Layer.mergeAll(
   instanceContextLayer,

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-promptasync-context.test.ts

@@ -16,11 +16,9 @@ import * as Socket from "effect/unstable/socket/Socket"
 import { HttpApi, HttpApiBuilder, HttpApiEndpoint, HttpApiGroup, HttpApiSchema } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
 import { mkdir } from "node:fs/promises"
 import { registerAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/adapters"
-import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
 import type { WorkspaceAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/types"
 import { Workspace } from "../../src/control-plane/workspace"
 import { InstanceRef, WorkspaceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
-import { InstanceLayer } from "../../src/project/instance-layer"
 import { Project } from "../../src/project/project"
 import { Session } from "../../src/session/session"
 import {
@@ -51,16 +49,7 @@ const testStateLayer = Layer.effectDiscard(
 
 const workspaceLayer = workspaceLayerWithRuntimeFlags({ experimentalWorkspaces: true })
 
-const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    testStateLayer,
-    NodeHttpServer.layerTest,
-    NodeServices.layer,
-    InstanceLayer.layer,
-    Project.defaultLayer,
-    workspaceLayer,
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer)),
-)
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(testStateLayer, NodeHttpServer.layerTest, NodeServices.layer, workspaceLayer))
 
 const instanceContextTestLayer = Layer.mergeAll(
   instanceContextLayer,

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-provider.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ const testStateLayer = Layer.effectDiscard(
   ),
 )
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(testStateLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(testStateLayer, LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node), httpApiLayer))
 const projectOptions = { config: { formatter: false, lsp: false } }
 const providerID = "test-oauth-parity"
 const oauthURL = "https://example.com/oauth"

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-schema-error-body.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Session.defaultLayer, Database.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Session.node, Database.node])), httpApiLayer))
 
 const text = (response: HttpClientResponse.HttpClientResponse) => response.text
 

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-sdk.test.ts

@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ import { Deferred, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import type * as Scope from "effect/Scope"
 import { HttpServer } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 import { createOpencodeClient } from "@opencode-ai/sdk/v2"
 import { validateSession } from "../../src/cli/tui/validate-session"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap-service"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { MessageID, PartID, SessionID } from "../../src/session/schema"
 import { MessageV2 } from "../../src/session/message-v2"
@@ -29,16 +31,12 @@ import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { httpApiLayer } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const noopBootstrap = Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }))
-const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    FSUtil.defaultLayer,
-    CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
-    InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(noopBootstrap)),
-    Database.defaultLayer,
-    httpApiLayer,
-  ),
+const noopBootstrapLayer = Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }))
+const appLayer = AppNodeBuilder.build(
+  LayerNode.group([FSUtil.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node, InstanceStore.node, Database.node, SessionNs.node]),
+  [[InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrapLayer]],
 )
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(appLayer, httpApiLayer))
 
 const original = {
   OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD: Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD,
@@ -55,6 +53,7 @@ type TestServices =
   | FSUtil.Service
   | ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
   | InstanceStore.Service
+  | SessionNs.Service
   | HttpServer.HttpServer
 type TestScope = Scope.Scope | TestServices
 
@@ -323,7 +322,7 @@ function seedMessage(directory: string, sessionID: string) {
           })
           return { message, part }
         }),
-      ).pipe(Effect.provide(SessionNs.defaultLayer)),
+      ),
     ),
   )
 }

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-session.test.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import path from "node:path"
 import { Cause, Config, Effect, Exit, Layer } from "effect"
 import { HttpClient, HttpClientRequest, HttpClientResponse, HttpRouter, HttpServer } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { layerWebSocketConstructorGlobal } from "effect/unstable/socket/Socket"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
@@ -14,7 +16,6 @@ import { registerAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/adapters"
 import type { WorkspaceAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/types"
 import { Workspace } from "../../src/control-plane/workspace"
 
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceBootstrap as InstanceBootstrapService } from "../../src/project/bootstrap-service"
 import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { Project } from "../../src/project/project"
@@ -37,14 +38,13 @@ import { testProviderConfig } from "../lib/test-provider"
 import { pollWithTimeout, testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const originalWorkspaces = Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_WORKSPACES
-const workspaceLayer = Workspace.defaultLayer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(InstanceStore.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer),
+const noopBootstrapLayer = Layer.succeed(
+  InstanceBootstrapService.Service,
+  InstanceBootstrapService.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }),
 )
-const instanceStoreLayer = InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(
-    Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrapService.Service, InstanceBootstrapService.Service.of({ run: Effect.void })),
-  ),
+const appLayer = AppNodeBuilder.build(
+  LayerNode.group([InstanceStore.node, Project.node, Session.node, Workspace.node, Database.node, Ripgrep.node]),
+  [[InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrapLayer]],
 )
 const servedRoutes: Layer.Layer<never, Config.ConfigError, HttpServer.HttpServer> = HttpRouter.serve(
   HttpApiApp.routes,
@@ -58,16 +58,7 @@ const httpApiLayer = servedRoutes.pipe(
   Layer.provideMerge(NodeHttpServer.layerTest),
   Layer.provideMerge(NodeServices.layer),
 )
-const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    instanceStoreLayer,
-    Project.defaultLayer,
-    Session.defaultLayer,
-    workspaceLayer,
-    Database.defaultLayer,
-    httpApiLayer,
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer)),
-)
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(appLayer, httpApiLayer))
 
 function pathFor(path: string, params: Record<string, string>) {
   return Object.entries(params).reduce((result, [key, value]) => result.replace(`:${key}`, value), path)
@@ -432,7 +423,7 @@ describe("session HttpApi", () => {
         cwd: sessionDirectory,
         root: sessionDirectory,
       })
-    }).pipe(Effect.provide(TestLLMServer.layer), Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)),
+    }).pipe(Effect.provide(TestLLMServer.layer), Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(CrossSpawnSpawner.node))),
   )
 
   it.instance(
@@ -868,7 +859,7 @@ describe("session HttpApi", () => {
               pathSession: yield* createSession(),
               pathlessSession: yield* createSession(),
             }
-          }).pipe(Effect.provideService(TestInstance, { directory: currentDir }), Effect.provide(Session.defaultLayer)),
+          }).pipe(Effect.provideService(TestInstance, { directory: currentDir })),
         )
         yield* clearSessionPath(pathlessSession.id)
 

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-sync.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, mock } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Context, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 import { SyncPaths } from "../../src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/groups/sync"
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
 const originalWorkspaces = Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_WORKSPACES
 const context = Context.empty() as Context.Context<unknown>
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Session.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(Session.node), httpApiLayer))
 
 afterEach(async () => {
   mock.restore()

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-ui.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import { createHash } from "node:crypto"
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
-import { ConfigProvider, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { ConfigProvider, Effect, Layer, Option } from "effect"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
 import {
   HttpClient,
   HttpClientRequest,
@@ -39,7 +40,15 @@ const testStateLayer = Layer.effectDiscard(
   }),
 )
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(testStateLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer, RuntimeFlags.layer()))
+const fsUtilLayer = AppNodeBuilder.build(FSUtil.node)
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(testStateLayer, fsUtilLayer, RuntimeFlags.layer()))
+
+function authConfigLayer(input?: { password?: string; username?: string }) {
+  return ServerAuth.Config.configLayer({
+    password: input?.password === undefined ? Option.none() : Option.some(input.password),
+    username: input?.username ?? "opencode",
+  })
+}
 
 function restoreEnv(key: string, value: string | undefined) {
   if (value === undefined) {
@@ -94,18 +103,12 @@ function uiApp(input?: {
         )
       }),
     ).pipe(
-      Layer.provide(authorizationRouterMiddleware.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(ServerAuth.Config.defaultLayer))),
+      Layer.provide(authorizationRouterMiddleware.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(authConfigLayer(input)))),
       Layer.provide([
-        FSUtil.defaultLayer,
+        fsUtilLayer,
         input?.client ?? httpClient(new Response("ui")),
         RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableEmbeddedWebUi: input?.disableEmbeddedWebUi ?? false }),
         HttpServer.layerServices,
-        ConfigProvider.layer(
-          ConfigProvider.fromUnknown({
-            OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD: input?.password,
-            OPENCODE_SERVER_USERNAME: input?.username,
-          }),
-        ),
       ]),
     ),
     { disableLogger: true },
@@ -141,7 +144,7 @@ function routeOrderingApp() {
       }),
     ).pipe(
       Layer.provide([
-        FSUtil.defaultLayer,
+        fsUtilLayer,
         RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableEmbeddedWebUi: true }),
         httpClient(new Response("ui"), (request) => {
           proxiedUrl = request.url

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-workspace-routing.test.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import type { WorkspaceAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/types"
 import { Workspace } from "../../src/control-plane/workspace"
 import { WorkspaceTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/control-plane/workspace.sql"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
-import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
 import { Project } from "../../src/project/project"
 import { Session } from "../../src/session/session"
 import { WorkspacePaths } from "../../src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/groups/workspace"
@@ -55,11 +54,9 @@ const it = testEffect(
     testStateLayer,
     NodeHttpServer.layerTest,
     NodeServices.layer,
-    Database.defaultLayer,
-    Project.defaultLayer,
     workspaceLayer,
     Socket.layerWebSocketConstructorGlobal,
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer)),
+  ),
 )
 
 type ProxiedRequest = {

packages/opencode/test/server/httpapi-workspace.test.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { afterEach, describe, expect, mock } from "bun:test"
 import { mkdir } from "node:fs/promises"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { Effect, Layer, Stream } from "effect"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 import { registerAdapter } from "../../src/control-plane/adapters"
 import { WorkspaceV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/workspace"
@@ -23,20 +25,11 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
 const originalWorkspaces = Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_WORKSPACES
-const workspaceLayer = Workspace.defaultLayer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(InstanceStore.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer),
-)
-const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    Project.defaultLayer,
-    Session.defaultLayer,
-    workspaceLayer,
-    InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer)),
-    Database.defaultLayer,
-    httpApiLayer,
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer)),
+const appLayer = AppNodeBuilder.build(
+  LayerNode.group([Project.node, Session.node, Workspace.node, InstanceStore.node, Database.node, Ripgrep.node]),
+  [[InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, InstanceBootstrap.node]],
 )
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(appLayer, httpApiLayer))
 
 function request(path: string, directory: string, init: RequestInit = {}) {
   return requestInDirectory(path, directory, init)

packages/opencode/test/server/negative-tokens-regression.test.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 // strict `NonNegativeInt` schema then made every load of the message list
 // fail to encode, killing Desktop boot for every user with such a row.
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
 
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Session.defaultLayer, Database.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Session.node, Database.node])), httpApiLayer))
 
 function seedNegativeTokenSession() {
   return Effect.gen(function* () {

packages/opencode/test/server/project-copy.test.ts

@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { $ } from "bun"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { Snapshot } from "@/snapshot"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap-service"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
 import { resetDatabase } from "../fixture/db"
 import { disposeAllInstances, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
@@ -20,9 +22,13 @@ afterEach(async () => {
 })
 
 const noopBootstrap = Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }))
-const testInstanceStore = InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(noopBootstrap))
+const testInstanceStore = AppNodeBuilder.build(InstanceStore.node, [[InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrap]])
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(FSUtil.defaultLayer, Database.defaultLayer, Snapshot.defaultLayer, testInstanceStore, httpApiLayer),
+  Layer.mergeAll(
+    AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([FSUtil.node, Database.node, Snapshot.node])),
+    testInstanceStore,
+    httpApiLayer,
+  ),
 )
 
 function request(directory: string, url: string, init: RequestInit = {}) {

packages/opencode/test/server/project-init-git.test.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import path from "path"
 import { InstanceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap-service"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "../../src/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "../../src/project/instance-store"
 import { GlobalBus, type GlobalEvent } from "../../src/bus/global"
 import { Snapshot } from "../../src/snapshot"
@@ -19,9 +21,11 @@ afterEach(async () => {
 })
 
 const noopBootstrap = Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void }))
-const testInstanceStore = InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(noopBootstrap))
+const testInstanceStore = AppNodeBuilder.build(InstanceStore.node, [[InstanceStore.bootstrapNode, noopBootstrap]])
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(FSUtil.defaultLayer, Snapshot.defaultLayer, testInstanceStore, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(
+  Layer.mergeAll(AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([FSUtil.node, Snapshot.node])), testInstanceStore, httpApiLayer),
+)
 
 function request(directory: string, url: string, init: RequestInit = {}) {
   return requestInDirectory(url, directory, init)

packages/opencode/test/server/session-actions.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, mock } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
 import { disposeAllInstances, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(SessionNs.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(SessionNs.node), httpApiLayer))
 
 afterEach(async () => {
   mock.restore()

packages/opencode/test/server/session-diff-missing-patch.test.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
  * asserts that GET /session/<id>/diff returns 200 with empty data.
  */
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { SessionPaths } from "@/server/routes/instance/httpapi/groups/session"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ import { disposeAllInstances, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Session.defaultLayer, Storage.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Session.node, Storage.node])), httpApiLayer))
 
 afterEach(async () => {
   await disposeAllInstances()

packages/opencode/test/server/session-list.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
@@ -9,24 +11,12 @@ import path from "path"
 import { SessionTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/sql"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
-import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
-import { Storage } from "@/storage/storage"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
-import { Job } from "@/job"
 
 const layer = (experimentalWorkspaces: boolean) =>
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    Database.defaultLayer,
-    SessionNs.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Storage.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(SessionProjector.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces })),
-      Layer.provide(Job.defaultLayer),
-    ),
-  )
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Database.node, SessionNs.node, SessionProjector.node]), [
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces })],
+  ])
 const it = testEffect(layer(false))
 const itWorkspaces = testEffect(layer(true))
 

packages/opencode/test/server/session-messages.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { afterEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(SessionNs.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(SessionNs.node), httpApiLayer))
 
 const model = {
   providerID: ProviderV2.ID.make("test"),

packages/opencode/test/server/session-select.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { httpApiLayer, requestInDirectory } from "./httpapi-layer"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Session.defaultLayer, httpApiLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(Session.node), httpApiLayer))
 
 describe("tui.selectSession endpoint", () => {
   it.instance(

packages/opencode/test/session/compaction.test.ts

@@ -7,12 +7,9 @@ import { APICallError } from "ai"
 import { Cause, Deferred, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer, Schema } from "effect"
 import * as Stream from "effect/Stream"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
-import { Image } from "@/image/image"
-import { Agent } from "../../src/agent/agent"
 import { LLM } from "../../src/session/llm"
 import { SessionCompaction } from "../../src/session/compaction"
 import { Token } from "@/util/token"
-import { Permission } from "../../src/permission"
 import { Plugin } from "../../src/plugin"
 import { provideTmpdirInstance, TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
@@ -21,12 +18,11 @@ import { MessageID, PartID, SessionID } from "../../src/session/schema"
 import { SessionStatus } from "../../src/session/status"
 import { SessionSummary } from "../../src/session/summary"
 import { SessionV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/session"
-import { locationServiceMapLayer } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-services"
 import { SessionExecution } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/execution"
+import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 
-import type { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
+import { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
 import * as SessionProcessorModule from "../../src/session/processor"
-import { Snapshot } from "../../src/snapshot"
 import { ProviderTest } from "../fake/provider"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
@@ -35,6 +31,8 @@ import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { LLMEvent, Usage } from "@opencode-ai/llm"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 
 const summary = Layer.succeed(
   SessionSummary.Service,
@@ -210,7 +208,7 @@ function fake(
   } satisfies SessionProcessorModule.SessionProcessor.Handle
 }
 
-function layer(result: "continue" | "compact") {
+function processorLayer(result: "continue" | "compact") {
   return Layer.succeed(
     SessionProcessorModule.SessionProcessor.Service,
     SessionProcessorModule.SessionProcessor.Service.of({
@@ -221,38 +219,28 @@ function layer(result: "continue" | "compact") {
 
 function cfg(compaction?: ConfigV1.Info["compaction"]) {
   const base = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(ConfigV1.Info)({}) as ConfigV1.Info
-  return TestConfig.layer({
-    get: () => Effect.succeed({ ...base, compaction }),
-  })
+  return Layer.succeed(Config.Service, TestConfig.make({ get: () => Effect.succeed({ ...base, compaction }) }))
 }
 
-const deps = Layer.mergeAll(
-  wide().layer,
-  layer("continue"),
-  Agent.defaultLayer,
-  Plugin.defaultLayer,
-  EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
-  Config.defaultLayer,
-  RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true }),
-  Database.defaultLayer,
-  EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
-)
-
-const env = Layer.mergeAll(
-  SessionNs.defaultLayer,
-  Database.defaultLayer,
-  EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
-  CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
-  SessionCompaction.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(SessionNs.defaultLayer), Layer.provideMerge(deps)),
-)
+const defaultProvider = wide()
+const compactionTestNode = LayerNode.group([
+  SessionCompaction.node,
+  SessionNs.node,
+  SessionProjector.node,
+  Database.node,
+  EventV2Bridge.node,
+  CrossSpawnSpawner.node,
+])
+const env = AppNodeBuilder.build(compactionTestNode, [
+  [Provider.node, defaultProvider.layer],
+  [SessionProcessorModule.SessionProcessor.node, processorLayer("continue")],
+  [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })],
+])
 
 const it = testEffect(env)
 
-const compactionEnv = Layer.mergeAll(
-  SessionNs.defaultLayer,
-  Database.defaultLayer,
-  EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
-  CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
+const compactionEnv = AppNodeBuilder.build(
+  LayerNode.group([SessionNs.node, SessionProjector.node, Database.node, EventV2Bridge.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]),
 )
 const itCompaction = testEffect(compactionEnv)
 
@@ -260,7 +248,7 @@ type CompactionProcessOptions = {
   result?: "continue" | "compact"
   llm?: Layer.Layer<LLM.Service>
   plugin?: Layer.Layer<Plugin.Service>
-  provider?: ReturnType<typeof ProviderTest.fake>
+  provider?: ReturnType<typeof wide>
   config?: Layer.Layer<Config.Service>
 }
 
@@ -269,30 +257,25 @@ function withCompaction(options?: CompactionProcessOptions) {
 }
 
 function compactionProcessLayer(options?: CompactionProcessOptions) {
-  const events = EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer
-  const status = SessionStatus.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(events))
-  const processor = options?.llm
-    ? SessionProcessorModule.SessionProcessor.layer.pipe(
-        Layer.provide(summary),
-        Layer.provide(Image.defaultLayer),
-        Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-        Layer.provide(status),
-      )
-    : layer(options?.result ?? "continue")
-  return Layer.mergeAll(SessionCompaction.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(processor)), processor, events, status).pipe(
-    Layer.provide(SessionNs.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide((options?.provider ?? wide()).layer),
-    Layer.provide(Snapshot.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(options?.llm ?? LLM.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Permission.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Agent.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(options?.plugin ?? Plugin.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(status),
-    Layer.provide(events),
-    Layer.provide(options?.config ?? Config.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-    Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-  )
+  const replacements: LayerNode.Replacements = [
+    [Provider.node, (options?.provider ?? wide()).layer],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })],
+    [SessionSummary.node, summary],
+  ]
+  if (!options?.llm) {
+    return AppNodeBuilder.build(compactionTestNode, [
+      ...replacements,
+      [SessionProcessorModule.SessionProcessor.node, processorLayer(options?.result ?? "continue")],
+      ...(options?.plugin ? ([[Plugin.node, options.plugin]] as const) : []),
+      ...(options?.config ? ([[Config.node, options.config]] as const) : []),
+    ])
+  }
+  return AppNodeBuilder.build(compactionTestNode, [
+    ...replacements,
+    [LLM.node, options.llm],
+    ...(options?.plugin ? ([[Plugin.node, options.plugin]] as const) : []),
+    ...(options?.config ? ([[Config.node, options.config]] as const) : []),
+  ])
 }
 
 function createSummaryCompaction(sessionID: SessionID) {
@@ -318,7 +301,7 @@ function llm() {
     push(stream: Stream.Stream<LLMEvent, unknown> | ((input: LLM.StreamInput) => Stream.Stream<LLMEvent, unknown>)) {
       queue.push(stream)
     },
-    layer: Layer.succeed(
+    llmLayer: Layer.succeed(
       LLM.Service,
       LLM.Service.of({
         stream: (input) => {
@@ -614,9 +597,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.create", () => {
         })
 
         const v2 = yield* SessionV2.Service.use((svc) => svc.messages({ sessionID: info.id })).pipe(
-          Effect.provide(SessionV2.defaultLayer),
-          Effect.provide(SessionExecution.noopLayer),
-          Effect.provide(locationServiceMapLayer),
+          Effect.provide(AppNodeBuilder.build(SessionV2.node, [[SessionExecution.node, SessionExecution.noopLayer]])),
         )
         expect(v2.at(-1)).toMatchObject({
           type: "compaction",
@@ -1014,7 +995,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
         expect(part?.type).toBe("compaction")
         expect(part?.tail_start_id).toBeUndefined()
         expect(captured).toContain("yyyy")
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 1, preserve_recent_tokens: 20 }) }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 1, preserve_recent_tokens: 20 }) }))
     },
     { git: true },
   )
@@ -1051,7 +1032,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
         expect(part?.tail_start_id).toBeUndefined()
         expect(captured).toContain("recent image turn")
         expect(captured).toContain("Attached image/png: big.png")
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 1, preserve_recent_tokens: 100 }) }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 1, preserve_recent_tokens: 100 }) }))
     },
     { git: true },
   )
@@ -1102,7 +1083,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
         expect(filtered[1]?.info.role).toBe("assistant")
         expect(filtered[1]?.info.role === "assistant" ? filtered[1].info.summary : false).toBe(true)
         expect(filtered.map((msg) => msg.info.id)).not.toContain(large.id)
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 1, preserve_recent_tokens: 100 }) }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 1, preserve_recent_tokens: 100 }) }))
     },
     { git: true },
   )
@@ -1263,7 +1244,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
           expect(Cause.hasInterrupts(exit.cause)).toBe(true)
           expect(Date.now() - start).toBeLessThan(250)
         }
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer }))
     },
     { git: true },
     { timeout: 10_000 },
@@ -1336,7 +1317,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
         expect(summary?.parts.some((part) => part.type === "reasoning")).toBe(false)
         // Sanity: the text part still got through.
         expect(summary?.parts.some((part) => part.type === "text" && part.text === "summary")).toBe(true)
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer }))
     },
     { git: true },
   )
@@ -1372,7 +1353,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
 
         expect(summary?.info.role).toBe("assistant")
         expect(summary?.parts.some((part) => part.type === "tool")).toBe(false)
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer }))
     },
     { git: true },
   )
@@ -1409,7 +1390,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
         expect(captured).not.toContain("keep this turn")
         expect(captured).not.toContain("and this one too")
         expect(captured).not.toContain("What did we do so far?")
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer }))
     },
     { git: true },
   )
@@ -1451,7 +1432,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
         expect(captured.match(/summary one/g)?.length).toBe(1)
         expect(captured).toContain("## Constraints & Preferences")
         expect(captured).toContain("## Progress")
-      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer }))
+      }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer }))
     },
     { git: true },
   )
@@ -1493,7 +1474,7 @@ describe("session.compaction.process", () => {
       expect(
         filtered.some((msg) => msg.info.role === "user" && msg.parts.some((part) => part.type === "compaction")),
       ).toBe(true)
-    }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.layer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 2, preserve_recent_tokens: 10_000 }) }))
+    }).pipe(withCompaction({ llm: stub.llmLayer, config: cfg({ tail_turns: 2, preserve_recent_tokens: 10_000 }) }))
   })
 
   itCompaction.instance(

packages/opencode/test/session/instruction.test.ts

@@ -2,34 +2,42 @@ import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
 import path from "path"
 import { Effect, FileSystem, Layer } from "effect"
-import { FetchHttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
-import { NodeFileSystem } from "@effect/platform-node"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 
 import { Instruction } from "../../src/session/instruction"
 import type { MessageV2 } from "../../src/session/message-v2"
 import { MessageID, PartID, SessionID } from "../../src/session/schema"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "../../src/effect/runtime-flags"
-import { provideInstance, provideTmpdirInstance, testInstanceStoreLayer, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
+import { provideInstance, provideTmpdirInstance, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { TestConfig } from "../fixture/config"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { LayerNodePlatform } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-platform"
+import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
+import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer, NodeFileSystem.layer, testInstanceStoreLayer))
+const it = testEffect(
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([CrossSpawnSpawner.node, LayerNodePlatform.filesystem, InstanceStore.node]), [
+    [
+      InstanceBootstrap.node,
+      Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void })),
+    ],
+  ]),
+)
 
-const configLayer = TestConfig.layer()
+const configLayer = Layer.succeed(Config.Service, TestConfig.make())
 
 const instructionLayer = (global: Partial<Global.Interface>, flags: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info> = {}) =>
-  Instruction.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(configLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-    Layer.provide(Global.layerWith(global)),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)),
-  )
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(Instruction.node, [
+    [Config.node, configLayer],
+    [Global.node, Global.layerWith(global)],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)],
+  ])
 
 const provideInstruction =
   (global: Partial<Global.Interface>, flags?: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info>) =>

packages/opencode/test/session/llm-native-recorded.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { ConfigV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/config/config"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { ModelsDev } from "@opencode-ai/core/models-dev"
 import { HttpRecorder } from "@opencode-ai/http-recorder"
 import { HttpRecorderInternal } from "@opencode-ai/http-recorder/internal"
@@ -10,14 +9,11 @@ import { Effect, Layer, Option, Schema, Stream } from "effect"
 import path from "node:path"
 import z from "zod"
 import { Auth } from "@/auth"
-import { Config } from "@/config/config"
-import { Plugin } from "@/plugin"
 import { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
 
 import { Filesystem } from "@/util/filesystem"
 import { LLMEvent, LLMResponse } from "@opencode-ai/llm"
-import { LLMClient, RequestExecutor, WebSocketExecutor } from "@opencode-ai/llm/route"
-import { Env } from "@/env"
+import { RequestExecutor } from "@opencode-ai/llm/route"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
 import type { Agent } from "../../src/agent/agent"
 import { LLM } from "../../src/session/llm"
@@ -26,6 +22,9 @@ import { TestInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { LayerNodePlatform } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-platform"
 
 const FIXTURES_DIR = path.join(import.meta.dir, "../fixtures/recordings")
 
@@ -240,7 +239,7 @@ const redactRecordedBody = (body: string) =>
 
 function authLayer(scenario: RecordedScenario) {
   const replayAuth = shouldRecord ? scenario.recordAuth?.() : scenario.replayAuth
-  if (!replayAuth) return Auth.defaultLayer
+  if (!replayAuth) return undefined
   return Layer.mock(Auth.Service)({
     get: (providerID) => Effect.succeed(providerID === scenario.providerID ? replayAuth : undefined),
     all: () => Effect.succeed({ [scenario.providerID]: replayAuth }),
@@ -262,15 +261,6 @@ const modelsFixture = Filesystem.readJson<Record<string, ModelsDev.Provider>>(
 
 function recordedNativeLLMLayer(scenario: RecordedScenario) {
   const auth = authLayer(scenario)
-  const provider = Provider.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Env.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(auth),
-    Layer.provide(Plugin.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(ModelsDev.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.defaultLayer),
-  )
   // Only the HTTP client is recorded; RequestExecutor and the opencode LLM stack remain real.
   const metadata = {
     provider: scenario.providerID,
@@ -290,21 +280,11 @@ function recordedNativeLLMLayer(scenario: RecordedScenario) {
         redactor: HttpRecorderInternal.Redactor.make(redact),
       })
     : HttpRecorder.http(scenario.cassette, { directory: FIXTURES_DIR, metadata, redact })
-  const recordedClient = LLMClient.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Layer.mergeAll(RequestExecutor.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(recordedHttp)), WebSocketExecutor.layer)),
-  )
-
-  return Layer.mergeAll(
-    provider,
-    LLM.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(auth),
-      Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(provider),
-      Layer.provide(Plugin.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(recordedClient),
-      Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalNativeLlm: true })),
-    ),
-  )
+  return AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([Provider.node, LLM.node]), [
+    [LayerNodePlatform.requestExecutor, RequestExecutor.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(recordedHttp))],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalNativeLlm: true })],
+    ...(auth ? ([[Auth.node, auth]] as const) : []),
+  ])
 }
 
 const writeConfig = (directory: string, scenario: RecordedScenario, model: ModelsDev.Provider["models"][string]) =>

packages/opencode/test/session/llm-native.test.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { LLMEvent, ToolFailure } from "@opencode-ai/llm"
 import { LLMClient, RequestExecutor, WebSocketExecutor, type LLMClientShape } from "@opencode-ai/llm/route"
 import { jsonSchema, tool, type ModelMessage, type Tool } from "ai"
 import { Effect, Fiber, Layer, Stream } from "effect"
+import { FetchHttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { LLMNative } from "@/session/llm/native-request"
 import { LLMNativeRuntime } from "@/session/llm/native-runtime"
 import type { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
@@ -73,7 +74,11 @@ const providerInfo: Provider.Info = {
 }
 
 const it = testEffect(
-  LLMClient.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(Layer.mergeAll(RequestExecutor.defaultLayer, WebSocketExecutor.layer))),
+  LLMClient.layer.pipe(
+    Layer.provide(
+      Layer.mergeAll(RequestExecutor.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer)), WebSocketExecutor.layer),
+    ),
+  ),
 )
 
 function responsesStream(chunks: unknown[]) {

packages/opencode/test/session/llm.test.ts

@@ -9,13 +9,10 @@ import { InstanceRef } from "../../src/effect/instance-ref"
 import { HttpClientRequest, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import z from "zod"
 import { LLM } from "../../src/session/llm"
-import { LLMClient, RequestExecutor, WebSocketExecutor } from "@opencode-ai/llm/route"
-import { Auth } from "@/auth"
-import { Config } from "@/config/config"
+import { LLMClient, RequestExecutor } from "@opencode-ai/llm/route"
 import { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
 import { ProviderTransform } from "@/provider/transform"
 import { ModelsDev } from "@opencode-ai/core/models-dev"
-import { Plugin } from "@/plugin"
 
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import type { Agent } from "../../src/agent/agent"
@@ -27,6 +24,9 @@ import { LLMAISDK } from "@/session/llm/ai-sdk"
 import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { LayerNodePlatform } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-platform"
 
 type ConfigModel = NonNullable<NonNullable<ConfigV1.Info["provider"]>[string]["models"]>[string]
 
@@ -52,15 +52,13 @@ const openAIConfig = (model: ModelsDev.Provider["models"][string], baseURL: stri
   }
 }
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LLM.defaultLayer, Provider.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([LLM.node, Provider.node])))
 
 // LLM.stream returns a Stream, not an Effect, so we can't use the serviceUse proxy.
 const drain = (input: LLM.StreamInput) => LLM.Service.use((svc) => svc.stream(input).pipe(Stream.runDrain))
 
-// drainWith builds an isolated runtime so the custom layer fully owns LLM and
-// its transitive deps — `Effect.provide(layer)` over an existing runtime layers
-// the new services on top, but transitive Service overrides (e.g. RequestExecutor)
-// resolved through the outer LLM.defaultLayer leak through.
+// drainWith builds an isolated runtime so custom replacements fully own LLM and
+// its transitive deps.
 const drainWith = (layer: Layer.Layer<LLM.Service>, input: LLM.StreamInput) =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
@@ -75,15 +73,16 @@ const drainWith = (layer: Layer.Layer<LLM.Service>, input: LLM.StreamInput) =>
     )
   })
 
-function llmLayerWithExecutor(executor: Layer.Layer<RequestExecutor.Service>, flags: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info> = {}) {
-  return LLM.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Provider.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Plugin.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(LLMClient.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(Layer.mergeAll(executor, WebSocketExecutor.layer)))),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer(flags)),
-  )
+function llmLayerWithExecutor(
+  options: {
+    executor?: Layer.Layer<RequestExecutor.Service>
+    flags?: Partial<RuntimeFlags.Info>
+  } = {},
+) {
+  return AppNodeBuilder.build(LLM.node, [
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer(options.flags)],
+    ...(options.executor ? ([[LayerNodePlatform.requestExecutor, options.executor]] as const) : []),
+  ])
 }
 
 describe("session.llm.hasToolCalls", () => {
@@ -1129,14 +1128,10 @@ describe("session.llm.stream", () => {
         } satisfies Agent.Info
 
         yield* drainWith(
-          LLM.layer.pipe(
-            Layer.provide(Auth.defaultLayer),
-            Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-            Layer.provide(Provider.defaultLayer),
-            Layer.provide(Plugin.defaultLayer),
-            Layer.provide(failingNativeClient),
-            Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalNativeLlm: false })),
-          ),
+          AppNodeBuilder.build(LLM.node, [
+            [LayerNodePlatform.llmClient, failingNativeClient],
+            [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalNativeLlm: false })],
+          ]),
           {
             user: {
               id: MessageID.make("msg_user-native-flag-off"),
@@ -1199,7 +1194,7 @@ describe("session.llm.stream", () => {
           temperature: 0.2,
         } satisfies Agent.Info
 
-        yield* drainWith(llmLayerWithExecutor(RequestExecutor.defaultLayer, { experimentalNativeLlm: true }), {
+        yield* drainWith(llmLayerWithExecutor({ flags: { experimentalNativeLlm: true } }), {
           user: {
             id: MessageID.make("msg_user-native"),
             sessionID,
@@ -1282,7 +1277,7 @@ describe("session.llm.stream", () => {
           permission: [{ permission: "*", pattern: "*", action: "allow" }],
         } satisfies Agent.Info
 
-        yield* drainWith(llmLayerWithExecutor(executor, { experimentalNativeLlm: true }), {
+        yield* drainWith(llmLayerWithExecutor({ executor, flags: { experimentalNativeLlm: true } }), {
           user: {
             id: MessageID.make("msg_user-native-injected-tool"),
             sessionID,
@@ -1371,7 +1366,7 @@ describe("session.llm.stream", () => {
           permission: [{ permission: "*", pattern: "*", action: "allow" }],
         } satisfies Agent.Info
 
-        yield* drainWith(llmLayerWithExecutor(RequestExecutor.defaultLayer, { experimentalNativeLlm: true }), {
+        yield* drainWith(llmLayerWithExecutor({ flags: { experimentalNativeLlm: true } }), {
           user: {
             id: MessageID.make("msg_user-native-tool"),
             sessionID,

packages/opencode/test/session/processor-effect.test.ts

@@ -176,12 +176,12 @@ const root = LayerNode.group([
   CrossSpawnSpawner.node,
 ])
 const replacements = [
-  LayerNode.replace(SessionSummary.layer, summary),
-  LayerNode.replace(RuntimeFlags.defaultLayer, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-]
+  [SessionSummary.node, summary],
+  [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })],
+] as const
 const env = LayerNode.compile(
   LayerNode.group([root, LayerNode.make({ service: TestLLMServer, layer: TestLLMServer.layer, deps: [] })]),
-  new Map(replacements.map((item) => [item.source, item.replacement])),
+  replacements,
 )
 
 const it = testEffect(env)
@@ -206,12 +206,7 @@ const providerErrorLLM = Layer.succeed(
       ),
   }),
 )
-const providerErrorEnv = LayerNode.compile(
-  root,
-  new Map(
-    [...replacements, LayerNode.replace(LLM.layer, providerErrorLLM)].map((item) => [item.source, item.replacement]),
-  ),
-)
+const providerErrorEnv = LayerNode.compile(root, [...replacements, [LLM.node, providerErrorLLM]])
 const itProviderError = testEffect(providerErrorEnv)
 
 const fragmentFailureLLM = Layer.succeed(
@@ -228,12 +223,7 @@ const fragmentFailureLLM = Layer.succeed(
       ),
   }),
 )
-const fragmentFailureEnv = LayerNode.compile(
-  root,
-  new Map(
-    [...replacements, LayerNode.replace(LLM.layer, fragmentFailureLLM)].map((item) => [item.source, item.replacement]),
-  ),
-)
+const fragmentFailureEnv = LayerNode.compile(root, [...replacements, [LLM.node, fragmentFailureLLM]])
 const itFragmentFailure = testEffect(fragmentFailureEnv)
 
 const boot = Effect.fn("test.boot")(function* () {

packages/opencode/test/session/prompt.test.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-import { NodeFileSystem } from "@effect/platform-node"
 import { ConfigV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/config/config"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
 import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 import { eq } from "drizzle-orm"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
-import { FetchHttpClient } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Cause, Deferred, Duration, Effect, Exit, Fiber, Layer } from "effect"
 import path from "path"
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ import { reply, TestLLMServer } from "../lib/llm-server"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
-import { locationServiceMapLayer } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-services"
+import { LocationServiceMap, locationServiceMapLayer } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-services"
 
 const summary = Layer.succeed(
   SessionSummary.Service,
@@ -156,10 +156,6 @@ const lsp = Layer.succeed(
   }),
 )
 
-const status = SessionStatus.layer.pipe(Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer))
-const run = SessionRunState.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(status))
-const infra = Layer.mergeAll(NodeFileSystem.layer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer)
-
 const processorCreateStarted: Array<() => void> = []
 const blockingProcessor = Layer.succeed(
   SessionProcessor.Service,
@@ -168,80 +164,75 @@ const blockingProcessor = Layer.succeed(
   }),
 )
 
+const runtimeFlags = RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })
+
+const testLLMServerNode = LayerNode.make({ service: TestLLMServer, layer: TestLLMServer.layer, deps: [] })
+
+const promptRoot = LayerNode.group([
+  SessionPrompt.node,
+  Session.node,
+  SessionProjector.node,
+  MessageV2.node,
+  Snapshot.node,
+  LLM.node,
+  Env.node,
+  AgentSvc.node,
+  Command.node,
+  Permission.node,
+  Plugin.node,
+  Config.node,
+  ProviderSvc.node,
+  LSP.node,
+  MCP.node,
+  FSUtil.node,
+  Job.node,
+  SessionStatus.node,
+  SessionRunState.node,
+  Database.node,
+  EventV2Bridge.node,
+  Question.node,
+  Todo.node,
+  ToolRegistry.node,
+  Skill.node,
+  Git.node,
+  Ripgrep.node,
+  Format.node,
+  Truncate.node,
+  SessionProcessor.node,
+  Image.node,
+  SessionCompaction.node,
+  SessionRevert.node,
+  Instruction.node,
+  SystemPrompt.node,
+  CrossSpawnSpawner.node,
+  RuntimeFlags.node,
+])
+
 function makePrompt(input?: { mcpInstructions?: MCP.ServerInstructions[]; processor?: "blocking" }) {
-  const deps = Layer.mergeAll(
-    Session.defaultLayer,
-    Snapshot.defaultLayer,
-    LLM.defaultLayer,
-    Env.defaultLayer,
-    AgentSvc.defaultLayer,
-    Command.defaultLayer,
-    Permission.defaultLayer,
-    Plugin.defaultLayer,
-    Config.defaultLayer,
-    ProviderSvc.defaultLayer,
-    lsp,
-    makeMcp(input?.mcpInstructions),
-    FSUtil.defaultLayer,
-    Job.defaultLayer,
-    status,
-    Database.defaultLayer,
-    EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
-  ).pipe(Layer.provideMerge(infra))
-  const question = Question.layer.pipe(Layer.provideMerge(deps))
-  const todo = Todo.layer.pipe(Layer.provideMerge(deps))
-  const registry = ToolRegistry.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(Skill.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(FetchHttpClient.layer),
-    Layer.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Git.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Format.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-    Layer.provideMerge(todo),
-    Layer.provideMerge(question),
-    Layer.provideMerge(deps),
-  )
-  const trunc = Truncate.layer.pipe(Layer.provideMerge(deps))
-  const proc =
-    input?.processor === "blocking"
-      ? blockingProcessor
-      : SessionProcessor.layer.pipe(
-          Layer.provide(summary),
-          Layer.provide(Image.defaultLayer),
-          Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-          Layer.provideMerge(deps),
-        )
-  const compact = SessionCompaction.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-    Layer.provideMerge(proc),
-    Layer.provideMerge(deps),
-  )
-  return SessionPrompt.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(SessionRevert.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(Image.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(summary),
-    Layer.provideMerge(run),
-    Layer.provideMerge(compact),
-    Layer.provideMerge(proc),
-    Layer.provideMerge(registry),
-    Layer.provideMerge(trunc),
-    Layer.provide(Instruction.defaultLayer),
-    Layer.provide(
-      SystemPrompt.layer.pipe(
-        Layer.provide(Skill.defaultLayer),
-        Layer.provide(locationServiceMapLayer),
-        Layer.provide(deps),
-      ),
-    ),
-    Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-    Layer.provideMerge(deps),
-    Layer.provide(summary),
-  )
+  const replacements = [
+    [SessionSummary.node, summary],
+    [LSP.node, lsp],
+    [MCP.node, makeMcp(input?.mcpInstructions)],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, runtimeFlags],
+  ] as const
+  if (input?.processor === "blocking") {
+    return LayerNode.compile(promptRoot, [...replacements, [SessionProcessor.node, blockingProcessor]])
+  }
+  return LayerNode.compile(promptRoot, replacements)
 }
 
 function makeHttp(input?: { mcpInstructions?: MCP.ServerInstructions[]; processor?: "blocking" }) {
-  return Layer.mergeAll(TestLLMServer.layer, makePrompt(input))
+  const root = LayerNode.group([promptRoot, testLLMServerNode])
+  const replacements = [
+    [SessionSummary.node, summary],
+    [LSP.node, lsp],
+    [MCP.node, makeMcp(input?.mcpInstructions)],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, runtimeFlags],
+  ] as const
+  if (input?.processor === "blocking") {
+    return LayerNode.compile(root, [...replacements, [SessionProcessor.node, blockingProcessor]])
+  }
+  return LayerNode.compile(root, replacements)
 }
 
 function makeHttpNoLLMServer(input?: { mcpInstructions?: MCP.ServerInstructions[]; processor?: "blocking" }) {
@@ -697,9 +688,12 @@ noLLMServer.instance.skip(
       })
 
       const messages = yield* SessionV2.Service.use((session) => session.messages({ sessionID: chat.id })).pipe(
-        Effect.provide(SessionV2.defaultLayer),
-        Effect.provide(SessionExecution.noopLayer),
-        Effect.provide(locationServiceMapLayer),
+        Effect.provide(
+          LayerNode.compile(SessionV2.node, [
+            [SessionExecution.node, SessionExecution.noopLayer],
+            [LocationServiceMap.node, locationServiceMapLayer],
+          ]),
+        ),
       )
       const { db } = yield* Database.Service
       const row = yield* db

packages/opencode/test/session/revert-compact.test.ts

@@ -1,29 +1,28 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 
 import { SessionRevert } from "../../src/session/revert"
 import { MessageV2 } from "../../src/session/message-v2"
 import { Snapshot } from "../../src/snapshot"
 import { MessageID, PartID, SessionID } from "../../src/session/schema"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
 import { provideTmpdirInstance } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import { ProviderV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { ModelV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 
-const env = Layer.mergeAll(
-  Session.defaultLayer,
-  SessionRevert.defaultLayer,
-  Snapshot.defaultLayer,
-  CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
+const it = testEffect(
+  LayerNode.compile(
+    LayerNode.group([Session.node, SessionRevert.node, Snapshot.node, SessionProjector.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node]),
+  ),
 )
 
-const it = testEffect(env)
-
 const user = Effect.fn("test.user")(function* (sessionID: SessionID, agent = "default") {
   const session = yield* Session.Service
   return yield* session.updateMessage({

packages/opencode/test/session/session.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
-import { Database } from "@opencode-ai/core/database/database"
 import { EventV2 } from "@opencode-ai/core/event"
 import { SessionProjector } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/projector"
 import { Deferred, Effect, Exit, Layer } from "effect"
@@ -8,26 +7,32 @@ import { Session as SessionNs } from "@/session/session"
 import { MessageV2 } from "../../src/session/message-v2"
 import { MessageID, PartID, type SessionID } from "../../src/session/schema"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-import { provideInstance, testInstanceStoreLayer, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
+import { provideInstance, tmpdirScoped } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
-import { Storage } from "@/storage/storage"
 import { RuntimeFlags } from "@/effect/runtime-flags"
-import { Job } from "@/job"
 import { EventV2Bridge } from "@/event-v2-bridge"
 import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
+import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
 
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    SessionNs.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(Storage.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Database.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provideMerge(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(SessionProjector.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces: false })),
-      Layer.provide(Job.defaultLayer),
-    ),
-    CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer,
-    testInstanceStoreLayer,
+  AppNodeBuilder.build(
+    LayerNode.group([
+      SessionNs.node,
+      EventV2Bridge.node,
+      SessionProjector.node,
+      CrossSpawnSpawner.node,
+      InstanceStore.node,
+    ]),
+    [
+      [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalWorkspaces: false })],
+      [
+        InstanceBootstrap.node,
+        Layer.succeed(InstanceBootstrap.Service, InstanceBootstrap.Service.of({ run: Effect.void })),
+      ],
+    ],
   ),
 )
 

packages/opencode/test/session/snapshot-tool-race.test.ts

@@ -87,16 +87,11 @@ const root = LayerNode.group([
   LayerNode.make({ service: TestLLMServer, layer: TestLLMServer.layer, deps: [] }),
 ])
 const it = testEffect(
-  LayerNode.compile(
-    root,
-    new Map(
-      [
-        LayerNode.replace(MCP.layer, mcp),
-        LayerNode.replace(LSP.layer, lsp),
-        LayerNode.replace(RuntimeFlags.defaultLayer, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })),
-      ].map((item) => [item.source, item.replacement]),
-    ),
-  ),
+  LayerNode.compile(root, [
+    [MCP.node, mcp],
+    [LSP.node, lsp],
+    [RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ experimentalEventSystem: true })],
+  ]),
 )
 
 const providerCfg = (url: string) => ({

packages/opencode/test/session/structured-output-integration.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
 import { SessionV1 } from "@opencode-ai/core/v1/session"
 import { Ripgrep } from "@opencode-ai/core/ripgrep"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { AppNodeBuilder } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-builder"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { SessionPrompt } from "../../src/session/prompt"
 import { MessageV2 } from "../../src/session/message-v2"
@@ -9,9 +11,7 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 // Skip tests if no API key is available
 const hasApiKey = !!process.env.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY
-const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(SessionPrompt.defaultLayer, Session.defaultLayer).pipe(Layer.provide(Ripgrep.defaultLayer)),
-)
+const it = testEffect(AppNodeBuilder.build(LayerNode.group([SessionPrompt.node, Session.node, Ripgrep.node])))
 const live = hasApiKey ? it.instance : it.instance.skip
 
 describe("StructuredOutput Integration", () => {

packages/opencode/test/session/system.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import type { Agent } from "../../src/agent/agent"
 import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/error"
@@ -6,7 +7,6 @@ import { Skill } from "../../src/skill"
 import { Permission } from "../../src/permission"
 import { SystemPrompt } from "../../src/session/system"
 import { MCP } from "../../src/mcp"
-import { LocationServiceMap, locationServiceMapLayer } from "@opencode-ai/core/location-services"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const skills: Skill.Info[] = [
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ const build: Agent.Info = {
 }
 
 const it = testEffect(
-  SystemPrompt.layer.pipe(
-    Layer.provide(locationServiceMapLayer),
-    Layer.provide(
+  LayerNode.compile(SystemPrompt.node, [
+    [
+      MCP.node,
       Layer.mock(MCP.Service, {
         instructions: () =>
           Effect.succeed([
@@ -61,8 +61,9 @@ const it = testEffect(
             },
           ]),
       }),
-    ),
-    Layer.provide(
+    ],
+    [
+      Skill.node,
       Layer.succeed(
         Skill.Service,
         Skill.Service.of({
@@ -77,8 +78,8 @@ const it = testEffect(
           available: () => Effect.succeed(skills),
         }),
       ),
-    ),
-  ),
+    ],
+  ]),
 )
 
 describe("session.system", () => {

packages/opencode/test/share/share-next.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { Effect, Exit, Layer, Option } from "effect"
-import { FetchHttpClient, HttpClient, HttpClientRequest, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
+import { HttpClient, HttpClientRequest, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { httpClient } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/app-node-platform"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
@@ -34,15 +34,12 @@ const json = (req: Parameters<typeof HttpClientResponse.fromWeb>[0], body: unkno
 const none = HttpClient.make(() => Effect.die("unexpected http call"))
 
 function requestLayer(client: HttpClient.HttpClient) {
-  const replacement = LayerNode.replace(FetchHttpClient.layer, Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, client))
-  return LayerNode.compile(
-    LayerNode.group([ShareNext.node, AccountRepo.node]),
-    new Map([[replacement.source, replacement.replacement]]),
-  )
+  const replacement = [httpClient, Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, client)] as const
+  return LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([ShareNext.node, AccountRepo.node]), [replacement])
 }
 
 function integrationLayer(client: HttpClient.HttpClient) {
-  const replacement = LayerNode.replace(FetchHttpClient.layer, Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, client))
+  const replacement = [httpClient, Layer.succeed(HttpClient.HttpClient, client)] as const
   return LayerNode.compile(
     LayerNode.group([
       ShareNext.node,
@@ -52,7 +49,7 @@ function integrationLayer(client: HttpClient.HttpClient) {
       AccountRepo.node,
       Database.node,
     ]),
-    new Map([[replacement.source, replacement.replacement]]),
+    [replacement],
   )
 }
 

packages/opencode/test/skill/discovery.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, expect, beforeAll, afterAll } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
-import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Discovery } from "../../src/skill/discovery"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { Filesystem } from "@/util/filesystem"
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ let mutableFiles = ["SKILL.md"]
 
 const fixturePath = path.join(import.meta.dir, "../fixture/skills")
 const cacheDir = path.join(Global.Path.cache, "skills")
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Discovery.defaultLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Discovery.node, FSUtil.node])))
 
 beforeAll(async () => {
   await rm(cacheDir, { recursive: true, force: true })

packages/opencode/test/skill/skill.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { Skill } from "../../src/skill"
 import { Discovery } from "../../src/skill/discovery"
@@ -13,33 +14,19 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 import path from "path"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 
-const node = CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer
+const node = LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Skill.defaultLayer, node, testInstanceStoreLayer))
+const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(Skill.node), node, testInstanceStoreLayer))
 const itWithoutClaudeCodeSkills = testEffect(
   Layer.mergeAll(
-    Skill.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(Discovery.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Global.layer),
-      Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableClaudeCodeSkills: true })),
-    ),
+    LayerNode.compile(Skill.node, [[RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableClaudeCodeSkills: true })]]),
     node,
     testInstanceStoreLayer,
   ),
 )
 const itWithoutExternalSkills = testEffect(
   Layer.mergeAll(
-    Skill.layer.pipe(
-      Layer.provide(Discovery.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer),
-      Layer.provide(Global.layer),
-      Layer.provide(RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableExternalSkills: true })),
-    ),
+    LayerNode.compile(Skill.node, [[RuntimeFlags.node, RuntimeFlags.layer({ disableExternalSkills: true })]]),
     node,
     testInstanceStoreLayer,
   ),

packages/opencode/test/snapshot/snapshot.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { afterEach, expect } from "bun:test"
 import { $ } from "bun"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import path from "path"
@@ -15,7 +16,9 @@ import {
 } from "../fixture/fixture"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Snapshot.defaultLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer, testInstanceStoreLayer))
+const it = testEffect(
+  Layer.mergeAll(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Snapshot.node, FSUtil.node])), testInstanceStoreLayer),
+)
 // Windows forbids both * and : in directory names.
 const nonWindowsIt = process.platform === "win32" ? it.live.skip : it.live
 
@@ -74,11 +77,12 @@ const withTrackedSnapshot = <A, E, R>(
   })
 
 const bootstrapScoped = Effect.fn("SnapshotTest.bootstrapScoped")(function* () {
-  const dir = yield* tmpdirScoped({ git: true }).pipe(Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+  const dir = yield* tmpdirScoped({ git: true }).pipe(Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
   return { path: dir, extra: yield* initialize(dir) }
 })
 
-const scopedGitTmpdir = () => tmpdirScoped({ git: true }).pipe(Effect.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const scopedGitTmpdir = () =>
+  tmpdirScoped({ git: true }).pipe(Effect.provide(LayerNode.compile(CrossSpawnSpawner.node)))
 
 const cleanupWorktree = (repo: string, worktree: string, files: string[] = []) =>
   Effect.promise(async () => {

packages/opencode/test/storage/storage.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Effect, Exit, Layer } from "effect"
 import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/core/fs-util"
 import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const dir = path.join(Global.Path.data, "storage")
 
-const it = testEffect(Layer.mergeAll(Storage.defaultLayer, FSUtil.defaultLayer, CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer))
+const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(LayerNode.group([Storage.node, FSUtil.node, CrossSpawnSpawner.node])))
 
 const scope = Effect.fnUntraced(function* () {
   const root = ["storage_test", crypto.randomUUID()]
@@ -50,14 +51,14 @@ function remappedFs(root: string) {
           fs.glob(pattern, options?.cwd ? { ...options, cwd: remap(root, options.cwd) } : options),
       })
     }),
-  ).pipe(Layer.provide(FSUtil.defaultLayer))
+  ).pipe(Layer.provide(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node)))
 }
 
 // Layer.fresh forces a new Storage instance — without it, Effect's in-test layer cache
 // returns the outer testEffect's Storage (which uses the real FSUtil), not a new
 // one built on top of remappedFs.
 const remappedStorage = (root: string) =>
-  Layer.fresh(Storage.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(remappedFs(root)), Layer.provide(Git.defaultLayer)))
+  Layer.fresh(LayerNode.compile(Storage.node, [[FSUtil.node, remappedFs(root)]]))
 
 describe("Storage", () => {
   it.live("round-trips JSON content", () =>

packages/opencode/test/tool/apply_patch.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
 import path from "path"
 import * as fs from "fs/promises"
+import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/layer-node"
 import { Cause, Effect, Exit, Layer } from "effect"
 import { ApplyPatchTool } from "../../src/tool/apply_patch"
 import { LSP } from "@/lsp/lsp"
@@ -14,13 +15,8 @@ import { SessionID, MessageID } from "../../src/session/schema"
 import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
 
 const it = testEffect(
-  Layer.mergeAll(
-    LSP.defaultLayer,
-    FSUtil.defaultLayer,
-    Format.defaultLayer,
-    EventV2Bridge.defaultLayer,
-    Truncate.defaultLayer,
-    Agent.defaultLayer,
+  LayerNode.compile(
+    LayerNode.group([LSP.node, FSUtil.node, Format.node, EventV2Bridge.node, Truncate.node, Agent.node]),
   ),
 )